Assessment, detection, and validation of clinical associations of thirdhand smoke exposure (ADVOCATE) study protocol.

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pediatric Research Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1038/s41390-025-03915-3

E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens, Georg E Matt, Nicolas Lopez-Galvez, Eunha Hoh, Penelope J E Quintana, Nathan G Dodder, Roman A Jandarov, Lara Stone, Chase A Wullenweber, Jasjit S Ahluwalia, Ashley L Merianos

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Abstract

Background: Thirdhand smoke (THS) pollution is the residue of secondhand smoke (SHS) remaining in homes long after active smoking has ceased. This study is the first to characterize the clinical correlates of THS exposure (THSe) in children independent of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe). The prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco smoke exposure patterns, sources, clinical, and biomarker effects associated with THSe will be examined.

Method: Smoking and nonsmoking parents and their 0-11-year-olds (N = 1013) were recruited. Children were categorized into tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) groups via biochemical validation with salivary cotinine and hand nicotine: (1) no exposure group (NEG); (2) THSe-only group (TEG); and (3) Mixed SHSe and THSe group (MEG). At enrollment, 6-weeks, and 6-months, parental assessments and children's biological and home samples were obtained and analyzed for SHSe, THSe, THS pollution, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.

Results: The mean (SD) child age was 5.8 (3.4) years; 50.7% were female; and 97% were non-Hispanic (97.0%); 67.5% were White, 25.7% were Black, 6.8% were Other/unknown race. In total, 57.9%, 18.2%, and 21.9% were classified in the NEG, TEG, and MEG, respectively. Sample and data analyses are ongoing.

Conclusion: This project will provide unique insights into how THSe in the absence of SHSe affects the clinical, inflammatory, and oxidative responses in children.

Impact: This is the first prospective longitudinal study to examine the prevalence of thirdhand smoke exposure in children of nonsmokers. Unlike prior tobacco smoke exposure research, this study will examine the contribution of thirdhand smoke exposure to pediatric health outcomes. Results will provide unique insights into how thirdhand smoke exposure in the absence of secondhand smoke exposure affects the clinical, inflammatory, and oxidative responses in children of nonsmokers.

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来源期刊

Pediatric Research 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

5.60%

发文量

473

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Research publishes original papers, invited reviews, and commentaries on the etiologies of children''s diseases and disorders of development, extending from molecular biology to epidemiology. Use of model organisms and in vitro techniques relevant to developmental biology and medicine are acceptable, as are translational human studies