Asier Erramuzpe, Ane Murueta-Goyena, Antonio Jimenez-Marin, Marian Acera, Sara Teijeira-Portas, Rocío Del Pino, Tamara Fernández-Valle, Ibai Diez, Unai Sainz-Lugarezaresti, Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao, Unai Ayala, Maitane Barrenechea, Alberto Cabrera-Zubizarreta, Jesús Cortés, Juan Carlos Gómez-Esteban, Iñigo Gabilondo
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective
Visual disability in Parkinson's disease (PD) is not fully explained by retinal neurodegeneration. We aimed to delineate the brain substrate of visual dysfunction in PD and its association with retinal thickness.
Methods
Forty-two PD patients and 29 controls underwent 3-Tesla MRI, retinal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and visual testing across four domains. Voxel-level associations between gray matter volume and visual outcomes were used to define a visual impairment region (visualROI). Functional connectivity of the visualROI with brain networks was analyzed. Covariance analysis of brain regions associated with retinal thinning (retinalROI) was conducted using hierarchical clustering to develop a model of retinal and brain neurodegeneration linked to disease progression.
Results
The amygdala was the primary component of the visualROI, comprising 32.3% and 14.6% of its left and right volumes. Functional connectivity analysis revealed significant disruptions between the visualROI and medial/lateral visual networks in PD. Covariance analysis identified three clusters within retinalROI: (1) the thalamic nucleus, (2) the amygdala and lateral/occipital visual regions, and (3) frontal regions, including the anterior cingulate cortex and frontal attention networks. Hierarchical clustering suggested a two-phase progression: early amygdala damage (Braak 1–3) disrupting visual network connections, followed by retinal and frontal atrophy (Braak 4–5) exacerbating visual dysfunction.
Interpretation
Our findings support a novel, amygdala-centric two-phase model of visual dysfunction in PD. Early amygdala degeneration disrupts visual pathways, while advanced-stage disconnection between the amygdala and frontal regions and retinal neurodegeneration contributes to further visual disability.
期刊介绍：
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology is a peer-reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of high-quality research related to all areas of neurology. The journal publishes original research and scholarly reviews focused on the mechanisms and treatments of diseases of the nervous system; high-impact topics in neurologic education; and other topics of interest to the clinical neuroscience community.
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