Transformation of Cannabidiol (CBD) during its high-temperature extraction: Studies involving model systems, hemp and functional foods containing CBD

Abstract

Most approaches to plants and foodstuffs analysis involve the application of liquid extraction methods for the isolation of their components. The present paper shows and discusses the transformations that CBD may undergo during its high-temperature extraction with methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and hexane from hemp and CBD containing commercially available functional foods. According to the performed research, CBD can transform not only into cannabinoids, which are hemp metabolites (i.e. Δ8/Δ9-THC, CBN), but also into other previously unknown derivatives, the number and quantity of which depend on the type of the extrahent and the oxygen content in the extraction system. In the case of each solvent used, the CBD transformation degree is strongly affected by the humidity of the extracted hemp. The results presented in this work are important both for hemp analysis, including the research dealing with hemp metabolism, but also for functional food containing CBD.