Excitation of Spin Waves by Oscillatory Voltage-Controlled Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction in Ferroelectric/Skyrmion Heterostructure

Abstract

Spin waves exhibit high-speed, low-energy information transmission and encoding capabilities. The core component, the spin wave generator, currently faces challenges of high energy consumption and integration difficulties. This study proposes a spin wave generator based on a ferroelectric/ferromagnetic heterostructure. This generator utilizes an electric field to control the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), regulating the dynamics of magnetic topological states like skyrmions, thereby achieving low-power excitation of spin waves. First, we conducted a theoretical analysis to study the impact of oscillatory voltage-controlled DMI on the dynamic properties of skyrmions, identifying the excitation conditions for both the breathing mode and the spin wave mode. Additionally, we clarified the relationship among spin wave intensity, DMI coefficient, and frequency. Finally, we validated the theoretical predictions of the spin wave excitation in this structure through micromagnetic simulations. This work points the way toward developing ultrahigh frequency, low-power, and highly stable spin wave generators.