Mycobacterium abscessus Complex Infections Among Lung Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in Canada.

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Transplant Infectious Disease Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1111/tid.70003

Roni Bitterman, Hafid Soualhine, Pierre-Marie Akochy, Charles Poirier, Pasquale Ferraro, Dima Kabbani, Alim Hirji, Gregory Tyrrell, Celine Bergeron, Robert D Levy, Alissa Wright, Victor Leung, Lianne G Singer, Cecilia Chaparro, Shaf Keshavjee, Melissa Richard-Greenblatt, Shahid Husain, Me-Linh Luong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Mycobacterium abscessus complex is known to cause life-threatening disease in lung transplantation (LT) recipients (LTRs). Therefore, many centers consider the presence of M. abscessus as a relative contraindication to LT.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study including all 4 LT centers in Canada. All LTRs transplanted in 2006-2016 with at least one respiratory sample positive for M. abscessus prior or posttransplantation were included. Pulmonary disease was defined using the American Thoracic Society criteria. Minimal follow-up duration was 5 years after transplantation.

Results: Among 2181 LTRs across Canada, 14 had M. abscessus disease after LT (incidence rate 1.1/1000 transplant-years) and 6 had pulmonary colonization (incidence rate 0.5/1000 transplant-years). Fifteen patients had M. abscessus cultured before LT. Among those with pretransplant M. abscessus, 53% (8/15) developed M. abscessus infection posttransplant (6 disease, 2 colonization). Posttransplant disease was less frequent among those with microbiologic eradication before transplant (0% vs. 85.7%, p = 0.001). LTRs with pretransplant M. abscessus had comparable survival to those without M. abscessus (log rank p = 0.37). Among patients with pretransplant infection, mortality was higher in those who did not achieve microbiological eradication before transplantation (57.1% vs. 0%, p = 0.03) and those who developed disease after transplantation (66.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.01).

Conclusions: M. abscessus is an uncommon cause of infection among LTRs. Survival among those with pretransplant M. abscessus infection was similar to that observed in noninfected LTRs. However, lack of eradication before transplantation was associated with higher posttransplant disease and mortality.

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来源期刊

Transplant Infectious Disease 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

210

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Transplant Infectious Disease has been established as a forum for presenting the most current information on the prevention and treatment of infection complicating organ and bone marrow transplantation. The point of view of the journal is that infection and allograft rejection (or graft-versus-host disease) are closely intertwined, and that advances in one area will have immediate consequences on the other. The interaction of the transplant recipient with potential microbial invaders, the impact of immunosuppressive strategies on this interaction, and the effects of cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines liberated during the course of infections, rejection, or graft-versus-host disease are central to the interests and mission of this journal. Transplant Infectious Disease is aimed at disseminating the latest information relevant to the infectious disease complications of transplantation to clinicians and scientists involved in bone marrow, kidney, liver, heart, lung, intestinal, and pancreatic transplantation. The infectious disease consequences and concerns regarding innovative transplant strategies, from novel immunosuppressive agents to xenotransplantation, are very much a concern of this journal. In addition, this journal feels a particular responsibility to inform primary care practitioners in the community, who increasingly are sharing the responsibility for the care of these patients, of the special considerations regarding the prevention and treatment of infection in transplant recipients. As exemplified by the international editorial board, articles are sought throughout the world that address both general issues and those of a more restricted geographic import.