Assessment of cortical activity, functional connectivity, and neuroplasticity in cerebral palsy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy: A scoping review

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1111/dmcn.16238

Owais A. Khan, Simin Rahman, Kanishka Baduni, Christopher M. Modlesky

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Abstract

Aim

To map and critically appraise the literature on the feasibility and current use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess cortical activity, functional connectivity, and neuroplasticity in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP).

Method

A scoping review methodology was prospectively registered and reported following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in four databases. Empirical studies using fNIRS to assess neural activity, functional connectivity, or neuroplasticity in individuals with CP aged 3 years or older were included.

Results

Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Individuals with CP (age range = 3–43 years; 70% unilateral CP) underwent fNIRS-based assessment for task-evoked activity (studies [n] = 15) and/or resting-state functional connectivity (n = 3). Preliminary observations suggest greater magnitude, extent, and ipsilateral hemispheric lateralization of sensorimotor cortex activity in CP, while magnitude and patterns of prefrontal cortex activity in CP appear dependent on task demands. Normalization of fNIRS-based activity metrics observed postintervention (n = 3) paralleled improvements in functional outcomes, highlighting their potential as promising biomarkers for functional gains in CP.

Interpretation

This review details the use of fNIRS in CP, highlights research gaps and technical limitations, and offers recommendations to support fNIRS implementation for ecologically valid functional neuroimaging in individuals with CP.

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使用功能性近红外光谱评估脑性瘫痪的皮质活动、功能连通性和神经可塑性：范围综述。

目的：绘制并批判性评价功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）评估脑瘫（CP）患者皮质活动、功能连通性和神经可塑性的可行性和当前应用的文献。方法：前瞻性注册范围评价方法学，并按照系统评价和范围评价扩展元分析（PRISMA-ScR）指南的首选报告项目进行报告。在四个数据库中进行了系统的检索。使用近红外光谱（fNIRS）评估3岁或以上CP患者的神经活动、功能连通性或神经可塑性的实证研究包括在内。结果：16项研究符合纳入标准。CP患者(年龄范围3-43岁；70%的单侧CP接受基于fnir的任务诱发活动（研究[n] = 15）和/或静息状态功能连通性（n = 3）评估。初步观察表明，CP中感觉运动皮层活动的幅度、程度和同侧半球偏侧程度更大，而CP中前额叶皮层活动的幅度和模式似乎依赖于任务需求。干预后观察到基于fNIRS的活动指标的正常化（n = 3），功能结果得到了平行改善，突出了它们作为CP功能获益的有前途的生物标志物的潜力。解释：本综述详细介绍了fNIRS在CP中的使用，强调了研究空白和技术局限性，并提供了支持fNIRS在CP个体中用于生态有效的功能神经成像的建议。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

13.20%

发文量

338

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Wiley-Blackwell is pleased to publish Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology (DMCN), a Mac Keith Press publication and official journal of the American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine (AACPDM) and the British Paediatric Neurology Association (BPNA). For over 50 years, DMCN has defined the field of paediatric neurology and neurodisability and is one of the world’s leading journals in the whole field of paediatrics. DMCN disseminates a range of information worldwide to improve the lives of disabled children and their families. The high quality of published articles is maintained by expert review, including independent statistical assessment, before acceptance.