Global levels and variations of breast milk fatty acids and triacylglycerols: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 9.8 1区农林科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Food Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143506

Xinggang Ni , Zhiyi Zhang , Zeyuan Deng , Sufang Duan , Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto , Jian He , Ting Li , Jing Li

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Abstract

Understanding global temporal and spatial variations in breast milk composition is crucial for developing personalized infant nutrition strategies. This study analyzed 46,673 breast milk samples from 171 studies using a random-effects model to evaluate total fatty acids (TFA), sn-2 fatty acids (sn-2 FA), and triacylglycerols (TAG) across lactation stages, regions, and sample years. Results showed that saturated fatty acids (SFA) increased while unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) decreased with prolonged lactation, with corresponding changes in triacylglycerol profiles. Geographically, Africa had the highest SFA and lowest UFA, Asia had the highest PUFA, and Europe had the highest MUFA. Over time, SFA and SFA-dominant TAGs declined, while UFA and UFA-dominant TAGs rose. These variations reflect shifts in maternal diet, infant nutritional needs, and potential growth outcomes, highlighting the importance of monitoring breast milk lipids to optimize infant nutrition strategies.

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母乳脂肪酸和甘油三酯的全球水平和变化：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

了解母乳成分的全球时间和空间变化对于制定个性化的婴儿营养策略至关重要。本研究使用随机效应模型分析了来自171项研究的46,673份母乳样本，以评估不同哺乳期、地区和样本年份的总脂肪酸（TFA）、sn-2脂肪酸（sn-2 FA）和三酰甘油（TAG）。结果表明，随着哺乳时间的延长，饱和脂肪酸（SFA）增加，不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）减少，甘油三酯谱也发生相应变化。从地理上看，非洲的SFA最高，UFA最低，亚洲的PUFA最高，欧洲的MUFA最高。随着时间的推移，SFA和SFA主导的标签下降，而UFA和UFA主导的标签上升。这些变化反映了母亲饮食、婴儿营养需求和潜在生长结果的变化，强调了监测母乳脂质以优化婴儿营养策略的重要性。

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来源期刊

Food Chemistry 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

16.30

自引率

10.20%

发文量

3130

审稿时长

122 days

期刊介绍： Food Chemistry publishes original research papers dealing with the advancement of the chemistry and biochemistry of foods or the analytical methods/ approach used. All papers should focus on the novelty of the research carried out.