Adsorption of reactive black 5 dye using eggshell waste supported by Fe2O3: An equilibrium isotherms study

Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermal Analysis Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-17 DOI:10.1016/j.ctta.2025.100174

Akram Fadhl Al-mahmodi , Mahmood Riyadh Atta , Yamuna Munusamy , Baker Nasser Saleh Al-dhawi

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Abstract

Annually, the textile industry discharges thousands of tons of non-dissolved dyes into water bodies, presenting significant environmental challenges. Eggshell waste has emerged as a valuable, low-cost, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for addressing these issues. This study investigates the adsorption of Reactive Black 5 dye using eggshell waste supported by Fe₂O₃, focusing on equilibrium isotherms to evaluate the adsorption capacity. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR and BET analyses, revealing the spherical morphology and substantial surface area of Fe₂O₃, which contributed to enhanced adsorption efficiency. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure of the eggshell waste. Adsorption data fit best with the Langmuir isotherm model, demonstrating a maximum adsorption capacity of 250 mg/g for the removal of Reactive Black 5 dye. The combination of eggshell waste with Fe₂O₃ presents an efficient and sustainable solution for dye removal from wastewater, promoting both environmental protection and the reutilization of waste materials.

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用 Fe2O3 支持的蛋壳废料吸附活性黑 5 染料：平衡等温线研究

每年，纺织工业向水体排放数千吨不溶解染料，对环境构成重大挑战。蛋壳废料已成为解决这些问题的一种有价值的、低成本的、环保的吸附剂。本文研究了Fe2O3负载蛋壳渣对活性黑5染料的吸附，重点研究了平衡等温线的吸附能力。采用SEM、XRD、FTIR和BET等分析手段对所合成的吸附剂进行了表征，发现Fe2O3的球状形貌和较大的比表面积有助于提高吸附效率。XRD证实了蛋壳废料的结晶结构。吸附数据最符合Langmuir等温线模型，表明去除活性黑色5染料的最大吸附量为250 mg/g。蛋壳废物与Fe2O3的结合为废水脱色提供了一种高效、可持续的解决方案，既促进了环境保护，又促进了废物的再利用。

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Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermal Analysis

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3.10

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