Alterations in menstrual characteristics and associated factors in Chinese women post SARS-CoV-2 infection: a cross-sectional study.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY BMC Women's Health Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1186/s12905-025-03592-8

Yumin Jiang, Yunqing Li, Yuhua Huang

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Abstract

Objective: Following a significant relaxation of restrictions in China on December 7, 2022, after a surge in SARS-CoV-2 infections, an uptick in women presenting with menstrual disorders was observed in clinics. This study aimed to explore the alterations in menstrual characteristics and associated factors post SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 869 non-amenorrheic adult Chinese females (aged 18-53) to study the changes in menstrual characteristics and other infection-related factors post initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. The reported menstrual changes (group A) were compared to the reported no menstrual changes (group B). Data collected included basic individual-level information such as age, height, weight, menstrual history, reproductive and menstrual disorders, chronic diseases, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, COVID-19 symptoms, and changes in menstrual characteristics (regularity, period volume, and degree of dysmenorrhea) post SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results: Of the 869 participants, 442 (50.9%, group A) reported alterations in at least one menstrual characteristic; 171 (19.7%) experienced an extended menstrual cycle, and 122 (14.0%) reported a decrease in menstrual volume. Participants who reported menstrual changes (group A) were more likely to have pre-existing chronic diseases (7.7% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.003) and exhibit more symptoms of COVID-19 during the acute (4.94 vs. 4.03, P < 0.001) and recovery (4.37 vs. 3.41, P < 0.001) phases. These participants were also more likely to report fever as a COVID-19 symptom (93.4% vs. 86.9%, P = 0.001) and experienced a longer duration of fever (2.25 vs. 1.96 days, P = 0.001) as compared to group B. Notably, group A with chronic diseases, fewer vaccine doses, and more COVID-19-related symptoms experienced more frequent menstrual changes post COVID-19 (P < 0.05) than group B.

Conclusion: Participants with chronic diseases, fewer vaccination doses, and more COVID-19-related symptoms may experience more frequent menstrual changes post COVID-19 infection according to the self-report results in this study.

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中国女性SARS-CoV-2感染后月经特征及相关因素的改变：一项横断面研究

目的：在SARS-CoV-2感染激增后，中国于2022年12月7日大幅放宽限制，在诊所观察到出现月经紊乱的女性人数有所增加。本研究旨在探讨SARS-CoV-2感染后月经特征的变化及其相关因素。方法：对869名18-53岁非闭经的中国成年女性进行横断面在线调查，研究首次感染SARS-CoV-2后月经特征及其他感染相关因素的变化。将报告的月经变化（A组）与报告的无月经变化（B组）进行比较。收集的数据包括个人基本信息，如年龄、身高、体重、月经史、生殖和月经障碍、慢性疾病、SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种情况、COVID-19症状以及SARS-CoV-2感染后月经特征（规律性、月经量和痛经程度）的变化。结果：在869名参与者中，442名（50.9%，A组）报告了至少一个月经特征的改变；171例（19.7%）经历月经周期延长，122例（14.0%）报告月经量减少。报告月经变化的参与者（A组）更有可能存在慢性疾病（7.7% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.003），并且在急性期表现出更多的COVID-19症状（4.94 vs. 4.03， P）。结论：根据本研究的自我报告结果，患有慢性疾病、疫苗接种剂量较少、COVID-19相关症状较多的参与者在COVID-19感染后可能会出现更频繁的月经变化。

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来源期刊

BMC Women's Health OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY-

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

4.00%

发文量

444

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Women''s Health is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the health and wellbeing of adolescent girls and women, with a particular focus on the physical, mental, and emotional health of women in developed and developing nations. The journal welcomes submissions on women''s public health issues, health behaviours, breast cancer, gynecological diseases, mental health and health promotion.