MOF-derived Cu@Cu2O nanoclusters for photothermally enhanced Fenton-like catalytic degradation of dye pollutants

Abstract

This paper presents a synthesis method for a novel octahedral Cu@Cu₂O nanocluster (NAs), which is prepared by calcining Cu-BTC (metal-organic framework, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) in air, resulting in a porous carbon structure. The obtained Cu@Cu₂O nanoclusters exhibit heterogeneous interfaces between Cu and Cu₂O, significantly enhancing their Fenton-like catalysis and photothermal properties. Using SEM, TEM, XPS, and XRD techniques, the Cu@Cu₂O NAs were comprehensively characterized. Upon near-infrared irradiation, these nanoclusters rapidly heat to 45 °C, generating reactive oxygen species (•OH) that effectively catalyze the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye. Moreover, cellular and animal experiments demonstrated that Cu@Cu₂O NAs possess good biocompatibility and exhibit excellent biological safety. Overall, this study offers a promising and biocompatible material option for environmental remediation, integrating Fenton-like reactions with photothermal effects.