The Trend of Japanese Encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India.

IF 0.7 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-21 DOI:10.4103/aam.aam_185_24

Anuragani Verma, Shruti Radera, Amita Jain, Om Prakash, Anil Kumar Verma

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Abstract

Objective: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the most important causes of viral encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh (UP). Over 5 years (2018-2022), this study aims to find out the seropositivity for JEV in cases presenting as AES.

Materials and methods: Over 5 years, 8131 cerebrospinal fluid and 504 serum samples were tested for anti-JEV Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies by IgM antibody capture (MAC) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer's instructions (MAC ELISA kit developed by the National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.

Results: A total of 526 cases (6.09%) tested positive for anti-JEV IgM antibodies during the study periods. The number of JEV positives was high in 2018 (11.25%) but decreased gradually over the next 5 years (2019 (5.71%), 2020 (5.22%), 2021 (4.36%), and 2022 (2.91%). JE positivity is declining over time in UP, India. There is an age shift from children to adults. Men are more often affected than women.

Conclusion: Further JE-centric studies with an emphasis on immunization are required to determine the influence of vaccination on the incidence of Japanese encephalitis and the population shift among adults.

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印度北方邦日本脑炎的流行趋势。

目的：流行性乙型脑炎（Japanese encephalitis， JE）是北方邦病毒性脑炎的主要病因之一。本研究为期5年（2018-2022年），旨在了解乙脑病毒在AES病例中的血清阳性情况。材料和方法：根据制造商的说明（由印度浦那国家病毒学研究所开发的MAC ELISA试剂盒），用IgM抗体捕获（MAC）酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测了8131份脑脊液和504份血清样本的抗乙脑病毒免疫球蛋白M （IgM）抗体，历时5年。结果：研究期间，共有526例（6.09%）检测到乙脑病毒IgM抗体阳性。2019年（5.71%）、2020年（5.22%）、2021年（4.36%）、2022年（2.91%）5年呈逐渐下降趋势；随着时间的推移，印度北方邦的乙脑阳性病例正在下降。从儿童到成人有年龄上的变化。男性比女性更容易受到影响。结论：需要进一步以乙脑为中心的研究，重点是免疫接种，以确定疫苗接种对日本脑炎发病率和成人人群转移的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Annals of African Medicine MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

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期刊介绍： The Annals of African Medicine is published by the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria and the Annals of African Medicine Society. The Journal is intended to serve as a medium for the publication of research findings in the broad field of Medicine in Africa and other developing countries, and elsewhere which have relevance to Africa. It will serve as a source of information on the state of the art of Medicine in Africa, for continuing education for doctors in Africa and other developing countries, and also for the publication of meetings and conferences. The journal will publish articles I any field of Medicine and other fields which have relevance or implications for Medicine.