{"title":"Experimental and numerical analysis on Tri-Segment T-Girders with different joint types","authors":"Xiangyong Duanmu , Dong Xu , Penghui Zhang , Guoxi Tang , Chang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109430","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precast concrete bridges are valued for their standardization and efficiency, but transportation challenges limit their use in mountainous areas. The Tri-Segment T-Girder bridge, a type of precast segmental concrete bridges, effectively reduces segment lengths. This study examines commonly used epoxy joints in Tri-Segment T-Girder, including flat epoxy joints, steel shear key joints, and steel rebar joints. Three-point bending tests were performed on three Tri-Segment T-Girder specimens, each measuring 7.78 meters in length. The experimental results showed that steel rebars through the joint (SR-TJs) significantly enhanced the crack resistance of the girders, although they reduced the construction efficiency. Steel shear keys’ impact on structural behavior was limited when epoxy joints are used, compared to joints without shear keys. In addition, a two-dimensional finite element model (2D-FEM) was developed and validated to investigate the influence of load point position, concrete strength, number of prestressing strands, number of SR-TJs, and initial prestress on structural performance. The 2D-FEM analysis demonstrated that increasing the initial prestress and the cross-sectional area of the strands enhanced both the cracking resistance and the ultimate load capacity of the girders. The influence of concrete strength on the structure was found to be minor. The stress distribution was greatly influenced by the loading point location, potentially causing inclined cracks that altered the failure mode. When less longitudinal reinforcement was used in the segments, no splitting failure occurred near the joint. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing joint design in Tri-Segment T-Girder bridges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 109430"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Engineering Failure Analysis","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350630725001712","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Precast concrete bridges are valued for their standardization and efficiency, but transportation challenges limit their use in mountainous areas. The Tri-Segment T-Girder bridge, a type of precast segmental concrete bridges, effectively reduces segment lengths. This study examines commonly used epoxy joints in Tri-Segment T-Girder, including flat epoxy joints, steel shear key joints, and steel rebar joints. Three-point bending tests were performed on three Tri-Segment T-Girder specimens, each measuring 7.78 meters in length. The experimental results showed that steel rebars through the joint (SR-TJs) significantly enhanced the crack resistance of the girders, although they reduced the construction efficiency. Steel shear keys’ impact on structural behavior was limited when epoxy joints are used, compared to joints without shear keys. In addition, a two-dimensional finite element model (2D-FEM) was developed and validated to investigate the influence of load point position, concrete strength, number of prestressing strands, number of SR-TJs, and initial prestress on structural performance. The 2D-FEM analysis demonstrated that increasing the initial prestress and the cross-sectional area of the strands enhanced both the cracking resistance and the ultimate load capacity of the girders. The influence of concrete strength on the structure was found to be minor. The stress distribution was greatly influenced by the loading point location, potentially causing inclined cracks that altered the failure mode. When less longitudinal reinforcement was used in the segments, no splitting failure occurred near the joint. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing joint design in Tri-Segment T-Girder bridges.
期刊介绍：
Engineering Failure Analysis publishes research papers describing the analysis of engineering failures and related studies.
Papers relating to the structure, properties and behaviour of engineering materials are encouraged, particularly those which also involve the detailed application of materials parameters to problems in engineering structures, components and design. In addition to the area of materials engineering, the interacting fields of mechanical, manufacturing, aeronautical, civil, chemical, corrosion and design engineering are considered relevant. Activity should be directed at analysing engineering failures and carrying out research to help reduce the incidences of failures and to extend the operating horizons of engineering materials.
Emphasis is placed on the mechanical properties of materials and their behaviour when influenced by structure, process and environment. Metallic, polymeric, ceramic and natural materials are all included and the application of these materials to real engineering situations should be emphasised. The use of a case-study based approach is also encouraged.
Engineering Failure Analysis provides essential reference material and critical feedback into the design process thereby contributing to the prevention of engineering failures in the future. All submissions will be subject to peer review from leading experts in the field.
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