Cardiovascular Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: Does Age Really Matter?

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI:10.3390/jcdd12020041

Alex Sotomayor-Julio, Manuela Escalante, Yorlany Rodas-Cortes, Andrea Alejandra Arteaga-Tobar, Andrea Valencia, Fernando Wyss, Roger Martín Correa, Paola Oliver, Wilbert Yabar Galindo, Jessica Mercedes, Alejandra Inés Christen, Iván Criollo, Juan Martin Brunialti, Carlos Eduardo Montenegro, Pedro Schwartzmann, Eglee Castillo, Freddy Pow Chong, Claudia Almonte, Cesar Herrera, Juan Esteban Gomez-Mesa

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Abstract

Background: An advanced age elevates risk for COVID-19-related cardiovascular complications and mortality. This study analyzes cardiovascular comorbidities and outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients across age groups to assess its impact.

Methods: The CARDIO COVID 19-20 registry is a prospective, multicenter cohort study of hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients across 44 institutions in 14 Latin American countries. Patients were categorized into four age groups, Group 1: under 40 years, Group 2: 40 to 64 years, Group 3: 65 to 79 years, and Group 4: 80 years or older.

Results: A total of 3260 patients were included. A total of 36.8% were women, and key comorbidities included overweight/obesity (49.7% [G1: 48.9%, G2: 56.3%, G3: 45.6%, G4: 32.7%]), and hypertension (49% [G1: 11.3%, G2: 40.3%, G3: 67.9%, G4: 80.4%]). Primary cardiovascular complications during hospitalization were arrhythmias (9.1% [G1: 3.4%, G2: 6.1%, G3: 14.9%, G4: 12.9%]), and acute heart failure (8.5% [G1: 3.6%, G2: 6.1%, G3: 12.1%, and G4: 15.2%]). In our cohort, 53.5% of the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (G1: 49.2%, G2: 57%, G3: 55.3%, G4: 38.3%). In-hospital mortality rose significantly in patients aged 65 and older; G3: 334 (34.7%) and G4: 156 (45.6%) (p value: <0.001).

Conclusions: In Latin American COVID-19 patients, older age correlates with more comorbidities, cardiovascular complications, and higher in-hospital and 30-day mortality, indicating age as an independent mortality factor.

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COVID-19住院患者的心血管结局：年龄真的重要吗？

背景：高龄会增加covid -19相关心血管并发症和死亡率的风险。本研究分析了各年龄组住院COVID-19患者的心血管合并症和结局，以评估其影响。方法：CARDIO COVID - 19-20登记是一项前瞻性、多中心队列研究，纳入了14个拉丁美洲国家44家机构的住院SARS-CoV-2患者。患者分为4组，1组40岁以下，2组40 ~ 64岁，3组65 ~ 79岁，4组80岁及以上。结果：共纳入3260例患者。女性占36.8%，主要合并症包括超重/肥胖（49.7% [G1: 48.9%, G2: 56.3%, G3: 45.6%, G4: 32.7%]）和高血压（49% [G1: 11.3%, G2: 40.3%, G3: 67.9%, G4: 80.4%]）。住院期间主要心血管并发症为心律失常（9.1% [G1: 3.4%, G2: 6.1%, G3: 14.9%, G4: 12.9%]）和急性心力衰竭（8.5% [G1: 3.6%, G2: 6.1%, G3: 12.1%, G4: 15.2%]）。在我们的队列中，53.5%的患者入住重症监护病房（G1: 49.2%, G2: 57%, G3: 55.3%, G4: 38.3%）。65岁及以上患者的住院死亡率显著上升；G3: 334 (34.7%), G4: 156 (45.6%) (p值：结论：在拉丁美洲COVID-19患者中，年龄越大，合并症、心血管并发症、住院死亡率和30天死亡率更高，表明年龄是一个独立的死亡因素。

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