Predictive value and weight of factors associated with cognitive performance in Hispanics/Latinos enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain Study: Health Disparities

IF 4.9 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI:10.1002/trc2.70060

Raul Vintimilla, Darian Johnson, Douglas Taylor, James Hall, Fan Zhang, Sid O'Bryant, for the HABS-HD Study Team

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION

In this analysis of cognitively unimpaired (CU) Hispanic participants from the Health and Aging Brain Study: Health Disparities (HABS-HD), we aimed to identify the main predictor factors for cognitive performance and their relative importance (weight).

METHODS

The HABS-HD is a community-based longitudinal cohort study. Data from 952 CU Hispanics, enrolled from 2017 to February 2024, were analyzed. Random forest, an assembly learning method based on decision trees, was used to cross-sectionally forecast the predictive value of 42 risk factors (4 demographic variables, 4 socioeconomic variables, 6 psychosocial variables, 17 health variables, and 11 plasma and magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers) together, and the weighting of each factor for different cognitive domains (global cognition, memory, language, executive function, attention, and processing speed).

RESULTS

Participants included in the analyses had a mean age of 61.3 years (9.14), 69.4% were female, and had a mean of 10.52 (4.61) years of education. Income, glucose levels, plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42, total tau, and neurofilament light chain were in the top 10 predictors in six cognitive domains. Age, education years, Penn State Worry Questionnaire, body mass index, and C-reactive protein were the main predictors in four cognitive domains, while plasma Aβ40 was in the top 10 list for five cognitive domains.

DISCUSSION

Results support the notion that cognitive performance depends on interactions among social, economic, biological, and functional factors. The effects of factors together, and the weight of each factor in various cognitive domains may be different in Hispanics. More studies comparing different ethnic groups are necessary to help in the development of tailored interventions to prevent cognitive decline.

Highlights

Numerous factors have been associated with cognitive decline and dementia.
Research on these factors has relied on a meta-analysis of their individual association with cognition, consolidating data from different non-Hispanic White populations.
Hispanics are the largest minority group in the United States, and only a few studies have analyzed the overall impact of these factors together, and their individual relative effect in different cognitive domains.
We found that cognitive performance in Hispanics may be a result of interactions among social, economic, biological, and functional factors.

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引言在对 "健康与老龄化脑研究"（HABS-HD）中认知能力未受损（CU）的西班牙裔参与者进行的分析中，我们旨在确定认知能力的主要预测因素及其相对重要性（权重）：Health Disparities (HABS-HD)）的西班牙裔参与者进行分析，旨在确定认知表现的主要预测因素及其相对重要性（权重）。方法 HABS-HD 是一项基于社区的纵向队列研究。研究分析了从 2017 年到 2024 年 2 月注册的 952 名中美洲大学西班牙裔学生的数据。随机森林是一种基于决策树的集合学习方法，用于横截面预测 42 个风险因素（4 个人口统计学变量、4 个社会经济变量、6 个社会心理变量、17 个健康变量以及 11 个血浆和磁共振成像生物标志物）的预测价值，以及每个因素在不同认知领域（整体认知、记忆、语言、执行功能、注意力和处理速度）的权重。结果分析对象的平均年龄为 61.3 岁（9.14），69.4% 为女性，平均受教育年限为 10.52 年（4.61）。收入、血糖水平、血浆淀粉样 beta (Aβ)42、总 tau 和神经丝轻链在六个认知领域的预测指标中名列前 10 位。年龄、受教育年限、宾夕法尼亚州忧虑问卷、体重指数和 C 反应蛋白是四个认知领域的主要预测因子，而血浆淀粉样β40 在五个认知领域的预测因子中位列前 10。讨论结果支持认知能力取决于社会、经济、生物和功能因素之间相互作用的观点。在西班牙裔中，各种因素的共同影响以及每个因素在不同认知领域中的权重可能有所不同。有必要对不同种族群体进行更多的比较研究，以帮助制定有针对性的干预措施，预防认知能力下降。要点许多因素都与认知能力下降和痴呆症有关。对这些因素的研究依赖于对其与认知能力的个体关联性进行荟萃分析，并整合来自不同非西班牙裔白人群体的数据。西班牙裔是美国最大的少数民族群体，只有少数研究分析了这些因素的整体影响，以及它们在不同认知领域的个体相对影响。我们发现，西班牙裔的认知能力可能是社会、经济、生物和功能因素相互作用的结果。

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来源期刊

Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

2.10%

发文量

134

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： Alzheimer''s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions (TRCI) is a peer-reviewed, open access,journal from the Alzheimer''s Association®. The journal seeks to bridge the full scope of explorations between basic research on drug discovery and clinical studies, validating putative therapies for aging-related chronic brain conditions that affect cognition, motor functions, and other behavioral or clinical symptoms associated with all forms dementia and Alzheimer''s disease. The journal will publish findings from diverse domains of research and disciplines to accelerate the conversion of abstract facts into practical knowledge: specifically, to translate what is learned at the bench into bedside applications. The journal seeks to publish articles that go beyond a singular emphasis on either basic drug discovery research or clinical research. Rather, an important theme of articles will be the linkages between and among the various discrete steps in the complex continuum of therapy development. For rapid communication among a multidisciplinary research audience involving the range of therapeutic interventions, TRCI will consider only original contributions that include feature length research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, brief reports, narrative reviews, commentaries, letters, perspectives, and research news that would advance wide range of interventions to ameliorate symptoms or alter the progression of chronic neurocognitive disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer''s disease. The journal will publish on topics related to medicine, geriatrics, neuroscience, neurophysiology, neurology, psychiatry, clinical psychology, bioinformatics, pharmaco-genetics, regulatory issues, health economics, pharmacoeconomics, and public health policy as these apply to preclinical and clinical research on therapeutics.