Extracellular vesicles secreted by leukemic cells as mediators of dysregulated hematopoiesis: acute myeloid leukemia as a case in point.

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q2 HEMATOLOGY Expert Review of Hematology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI:10.1080/17474086.2025.2471860

Vishakha Kasherwal, Vaijayanti Kale, Anuradha Vaidya

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Abstract

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells exhibit a profound capacity for resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, posing a substantial challenge to existing therapeutic paradigms. Interestingly, this happens in the face of a luxuriant proliferation of leukemic blasts in the peripheral blood. This paradox of concurrent proliferative activity and cellular quiescence underscores a complex biological phenomenon that is intricately mediated by AML-derived Extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Areas covered: An extensive literature review search was done on PubMed/Scopus/Web of Sciences databases to identify studies published between 2013 and 2024 elucidating and demonstrating the effect of AML-derived EVs, Microvesicles (MVs) and Exosomes (Exos) in regulating the normal and dysregulated bone marrow (BM) niche.

Expert opinion: The review delves into understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the dual behavior of AML cells - proliferation and quiescence, with a special focus on the role of the EVs and their subtypes viz. Exos and MVs in establishing a discrete BM microenvironment that is subversive to chemotherapy. It offers a novel perspective on the intricate interplay between the leukemic cells and their microenvironment, with implications for therapeutic interventions targeting AML persistence and drug resistance.

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白血病细胞分泌的细胞外囊泡作为造血失调的介质：急性髓性白血病就是一个很好的例子。

急性髓性白血病（AML）细胞对常规化疗药物表现出深刻的耐药性，对现有的治疗模式提出了重大挑战。有趣的是，这种情况发生在外周血中白血病细胞大量增殖的情况下。这种增殖活性和细胞静止同时存在的悖论强调了一种复杂的生物学现象，这种现象是由aml衍生的细胞外囊泡（ev）介导的。涵盖领域：对Pubmed/Scopus/Web of Sciences数据库进行了广泛的文献回顾检索，以确定2013年至2024年间发表的研究，阐明和证明aml衍生的ev，微囊泡（MVs）和外泌体（Exos）在调节正常和失调骨髓（BM）生态位中的作用。专家意见：该综述深入了解AML细胞双重行为（增殖和静止）的分子机制，特别关注ev及其亚型（Exos和mv）在建立对化疗具有颠覆性的离散BM微环境中的作用。它为白血病细胞及其微环境之间复杂的相互作用提供了一个新的视角，对针对AML持久性和耐药性的治疗干预具有重要意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Expert Review of Hematology HEMATOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Advanced molecular research techniques have transformed hematology in recent years. With improved understanding of hematologic diseases, we now have the opportunity to research and evaluate new biological therapies, new drugs and drug combinations, new treatment schedules and novel approaches including stem cell transplantation. We can also expect proteomics, molecular genetics and biomarker research to facilitate new diagnostic approaches and the identification of appropriate therapies. Further advances in our knowledge regarding the formation and function of blood cells and blood-forming tissues should ensue, and it will be a major challenge for hematologists to adopt these new paradigms and develop integrated strategies to define the best possible patient care. Expert Review of Hematology (1747-4086) puts these advances in context and explores how they will translate directly into clinical practice.