The association between the triglyceride-glucose index and the incidence risk of Parkinson's disease: A nationwide cohort study.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between the triglyceride-glucose index, which measures insulin resistance, and the incidence risk of Parkinson's disease.

Methods: Our study used the Health Screening Cohort database of the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea (2002-2019). We included 310,021 participants who had no previous history of Parkinson's disease and for which more than 3 triglyceride-glucose index measurements were available. A diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was determined using the code of the International Classification of Diseases 10th edition (G20) with a specific reimbursement code for rare intractable diseases and a history of prescriptions for anti-Parkinsonism drugs.

Results: During a median of 9.64 years (interquartile range 8.72-10.53), 4,587 individuals (1.48%) had Parkinson's disease. Based on a multivariable time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model, a per-unit increase in triglyceride-glucose index scores was associated with a significantly increased risk of Parkinson's disease (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.062, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.007-1.119). In a sensitivity analysis, the triglyceride-glucose index was associated with the incidence risk of Parkinson's disease in a non-diabetes mellitus cohort (HR: 1.093. 95% CI: 1.025-1.165), but not in a diabetes mellitus cohort (HR: 0.990, 95% CI: 0.902-1.087). In a restricted cubic spline analysis, the association between the triglyceride-glucose index and the incidence risk of Parkinson's disease showed a non-linear increasing (J-shape) trend.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that higher triglyceride-glucose index scores were associated with the incidence risk of Parkinson's disease in the general population, particularly in a non-diabetes mellitus cohort.