Cytotoxic Responses Mediated by NK Cells and Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Xenotransplantation.

IF 3 3区医学 Q1 SURGERY Transplant International Pub Date : 2025-02-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/ti.2025.13867

Viktoriia Galdina, Gisella L Puga Yung, Jörg D Seebach

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Abstract

Xenotransplantation represents a potential solution to the shortage of organs for transplantation. The recent advancements in porcine genetic modification have addressed hyperacute and acute vascular rejection; however, challenges persist with regard to delayed xenograft rejection. Porcine endothelial cells (pECs) represent a crucial target in the context of xenograft rejection, which is mediated by cytotoxic lymphocytes. It is crucial to comprehend the manner in which human natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic CD8⁺ T lymphocytes (CTL) recognize and target pECs in order to develop efficacious prophylactic strategies against rejection. The objective of the present review is to synthesize the existing knowledge regarding the mechanisms and techniques employed to modulate xenogeneic responses mediated by human NK cells and CTL. We will elucidate recent methodological advancements, debate potential novel strategies, and emphasize the imperative necessity for further research and innovative approaches to enhance graft survival.

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NK细胞和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞在异种移植中的细胞毒性反应。

异种移植是解决移植器官短缺的一种潜在方法。猪基因改造的最新进展已经解决了超急性和急性血管排斥反应；然而，关于延迟异种移植排斥反应的挑战仍然存在。猪内皮细胞（pECs）是由细胞毒性淋巴细胞介导的异种移植排斥反应的关键靶点。了解人类自然杀伤细胞（NK）和细胞毒性CD8+ T淋巴细胞（CTL）识别和靶向pECs的方式对于制定有效的预防排斥反应的策略至关重要。本综述的目的是综合现有的关于调节人类NK细胞和CTL介导的异种反应的机制和技术的知识。我们将阐明最近的方法进展，讨论潜在的新策略，并强调进一步研究和创新方法以提高移植物存活率的迫切必要性。

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来源期刊

Transplant International 医学-外科

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

6.50%

发文量

211

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The aim of the journal is to serve as a forum for the exchange of scientific information in the form of original and high quality papers in the field of transplantation. Clinical and experimental studies, as well as editorials, letters to the editors, and, occasionally, reviews on the biology, physiology, and immunology of transplantation of tissues and organs, are published. Publishing time for the latter is approximately six months, provided major revisions are not needed. The journal is published in yearly volumes, each volume containing twelve issues. Papers submitted to the journal are subject to peer review.