[Overview of current prosthesis socket technologies for transfemoral amputees].

Abstract

When exploring innovations in amputation medicine and the technical aids required for care, the thought of prosthetic socket technologies might not immediately come to mind. Yet, these attachment systems, commonly referred to as quivers or similar in everyday language, that connect prostheses to the user's body, are an essential component of prosthetic care for individuals with leg amputations. Based on the principles of modern amputation surgery, where surgeons aim to create the best possible fit between prosthesis and residual limb stump, this approach requires prosthetic technology to provide treatment that aligns with current technical standards. When the patient and stump conditions are compatible, a full contact must be created in which the stump surface is in full contact with the complete inner surface of the shaft. This ensures the best possible distribution of pressure and strain loading during the standing and momentum phases. The challenge for orthopedic technicians lies in creating a secure and reliable interface for the individual user's everyday prosthesis, one that supports the daily activities as effectively as possible and ideally for 365 days a year and for many hours each day. Therefore, the socket is a crucial link between the wearer and the prosthesis. If the socket does not properly fit or hold, the wearer cannot utilize the prosthesis functions or stand and walk safely. In light of these problems, evolving user requirements, scientific advances, technological progress and the overarching goal of further improving the mobility and quality of life of patients, have driven the development of various new socket systems over the past decades.