{"title":"An analysis of initial force and moment delivery of different aligner materials.","authors":"Thomas Wendl, Brigitte Wendl, Peter Proff","doi":"10.1515/bmt-2025-0003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to clarify the applied initial forces and moments by different aligners of various materials and manufacturing methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The finite-element-method was used to analyze the forces and moments generated by the aligners on a maloccluded tooth. Plaster models of dental arches with a mesiorotated tooth 11 were fabricated, digitized and virtually analyzed. Four types of aligners with various layer thicknesses were selected: two splints with novel shape memory properties: a printable aligner made of the resin Tera Harz TC-85 DAC (Graphy Inc., South Korea) and a self-manufactured aligner consisting of the components polypropylene carbonate and thermoplastic polyurethane. The other two aligners were conventional, thermoformable aligners: CA<sup>®</sup> Pro Clear Aligner (Scheu Dental GmbH, Germany) and Erkodur-al (Erkodent Erich Kopp GmbH, Germany).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The force and moment analyses showed that the thermoformable CA<sup>®</sup> Pro Clear Aligner exhibited the highest values. The thermoformed Erkodur-al aligner showed the lowest force loads for all layer thicknesses. The Graphy printed splint showed similar results compared to Erkodur-al at layer thicknesses of 0.40 mm and 0.50 mm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To avoid periodontal overloading, aligners with lower force and moment delivery should be chosen for this type of tooth movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":93905,"journal":{"name":"Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2025-0003","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to clarify the applied initial forces and moments by different aligners of various materials and manufacturing methods.
Methods: The finite-element-method was used to analyze the forces and moments generated by the aligners on a maloccluded tooth. Plaster models of dental arches with a mesiorotated tooth 11 were fabricated, digitized and virtually analyzed. Four types of aligners with various layer thicknesses were selected: two splints with novel shape memory properties: a printable aligner made of the resin Tera Harz TC-85 DAC (Graphy Inc., South Korea) and a self-manufactured aligner consisting of the components polypropylene carbonate and thermoplastic polyurethane. The other two aligners were conventional, thermoformable aligners: CA® Pro Clear Aligner (Scheu Dental GmbH, Germany) and Erkodur-al (Erkodent Erich Kopp GmbH, Germany).
Results: The force and moment analyses showed that the thermoformable CA® Pro Clear Aligner exhibited the highest values. The thermoformed Erkodur-al aligner showed the lowest force loads for all layer thicknesses. The Graphy printed splint showed similar results compared to Erkodur-al at layer thicknesses of 0.40 mm and 0.50 mm.
Conclusions: To avoid periodontal overloading, aligners with lower force and moment delivery should be chosen for this type of tooth movement.
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