Metabolomic analysis reveals mechanisms linking metabolic shifts and characteristic biomarkers to quality changes in Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tiegun across storage stages

Abstract

Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tiegun is valued for its medicinal and nutritional benefits, yet the mechanisms underlying its quality changes during storage remain unclear. In this study, a metabolomic approach was utilized to analyze metabolic shifts during 105 days of natural storage (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 105 days). Results indicated that 336 metabolites increased while 288 decreased across the storage period. Metabolite set enrichment analysis revealed significant alterations in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and other amino acid pathways. Additionally, characteristic biomarkers associated with specific storage periods were identified, underscoring the critical roles of flavonoids, phenolic acids, lipids, nucleotides, and their derivatives in driving quality changes in Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tiegun. This study offers significant insights into the metabolic dynamics associated with storage, advancing our understanding of metabolite changes and providing a scientific basis for optimizing storage conditions, extending shelf life, and improving product quality.