{"title":"Mathematics education for girls in Prussia 1890–1925","authors":"Katja Krüger , Gerda Werth","doi":"10.1016/j.jmathb.2025.101242","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reviews the process of introducing mathematics education in girls’ secondary schools in Prussia, the largest German state at that time, from 1890 to 1925. This period of the German Empire and the subsequent Weimar Republic is known for its various educational reforms. Our historical analysis focuses on the purposes, new teaching tasks, and methods of mathematics education for girls in comparison with an extensive reform of mathematics education for boys, the so-called “Meran Reform” of 1905. Progress and obstacles on the way to equal educational opportunities for girls in mathematics are highlighted, including the development of new teaching methods and structural disadvantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Mathematical Behavior","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0732312325000069","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This paper reviews the process of introducing mathematics education in girls’ secondary schools in Prussia, the largest German state at that time, from 1890 to 1925. This period of the German Empire and the subsequent Weimar Republic is known for its various educational reforms. Our historical analysis focuses on the purposes, new teaching tasks, and methods of mathematics education for girls in comparison with an extensive reform of mathematics education for boys, the so-called “Meran Reform” of 1905. Progress and obstacles on the way to equal educational opportunities for girls in mathematics are highlighted, including the development of new teaching methods and structural disadvantages.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Mathematical Behavior solicits original research on the learning and teaching of mathematics. We are interested especially in basic research, research that aims to clarify, in detail and depth, how mathematical ideas develop in learners. Over three decades, our experience confirms a founding premise of this journal: that mathematical thinking, hence mathematics learning as a social enterprise, is special. It is special because mathematics is special, both logically and psychologically. Logically, through the way that mathematical ideas and methods have been built, refined and organized for centuries across a range of cultures; and psychologically, through the variety of ways people today, in many walks of life, make sense of mathematics, develop it, make it their own.
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