Determinants of Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the All of Us Research Program.

Abstract

Introduction: Complementary and integrative health (CIH) therapies are gaining recognition. However, their utilization within the diverse All of Us (AoU) research program remains unexplored. Methods: A cross-sectional study of AoU electronic health record and survey data compared characteristics of adult CIH users and nonusers. General linear models estimated factors associated with CIH. Results: A total of 3171 participants were CIH users (chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation, acupuncture, dietary modification, massage); they were more likely White and less likely Black with higher education versus nonusers. Education, insurance, sex, and race were associated with individual CIH modalities. Conclusion: Low utilization was observed, and several factors associated with CIH were identified. Further research is needed to address data gaps.