The value of plasma sCD25 in diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy, and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the clinical importance of soluble CD25 (sCD25) levels in diagnosing acute myeloid leukemia (AML), predicting patient outcomes, and monitoring treatment responses. Plasma sCD25 levels were measured in 190 AML patients and 47 healthy controls. AML patients were further divided into subgroups based on chemotherapy status, therapeutic response, and prognostic risk. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate the relationships between sCD25 levels and various clinical parameters, along with its potential diagnostic and prognostic significance. Plasma sCD25 levels were significantly elevated in AML patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.0001). High sCD25 levels correlated positively with white blood cell count, age, and pulmonary infection (p < 0.01) and negatively with hemoglobin and platelet counts (p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis identified sCD25 as a risk factor for both AML diagnosis (OR = 59.240, 95% CI: 11.14-315.0, p < 0.0001) and poor prognosis (OR = 1.651, 95% CI: 1.094-2.492, p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that sCD25 has high diagnostic accuracy for AML (AUC = 0.929, sensitivity = 86.44%, specificity = 93.62%) and moderate predictive value for chemotherapy non-remission (AUC = 0.66, p < 0.05). Plasma sCD25 levels are significantly elevated in AML and show potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. sCD25 may also be useful for monitoring treatment response in AML patients. Further studies are warranted to elucidate its role in AML pathogenesis.