{"title":"How the WHIMS clinical trial shaped the future of women’s health research","authors":"Phaedra R. Keller-Norrell","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01101-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 1993, the 103<sup>rd</sup> United States Congress signed the NIH Revitalization Act into law; prior to this date, women (and members of minority groups) were largely excluded from clinical trials. To this day, women experience more adverse reactions to medication and surgical complications involving medical device implants than men, as the studies regarding the safety and efficacy of medications and devices have largely been conducted in men.</p><p>It was not until the early 2000s that women’s health research truly began to gain momentum in the USA, driven in part by an increase in the prevalence of sex-biased diseases, such as Alzheimer disease. Globally, women account for two-thirds of the current population of patients with Alzheimer disease; however, the mechanism underlying the susceptibility of women to Alzheimer disease remains unclear and is likely to be multifactorial. Numerous high-profile studies, the most notable being the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS), have begun to investigate the role of female sex hormones in this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":31.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01101-3","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In 1993, the 103rd United States Congress signed the NIH Revitalization Act into law; prior to this date, women (and members of minority groups) were largely excluded from clinical trials. To this day, women experience more adverse reactions to medication and surgical complications involving medical device implants than men, as the studies regarding the safety and efficacy of medications and devices have largely been conducted in men.
It was not until the early 2000s that women’s health research truly began to gain momentum in the USA, driven in part by an increase in the prevalence of sex-biased diseases, such as Alzheimer disease. Globally, women account for two-thirds of the current population of patients with Alzheimer disease; however, the mechanism underlying the susceptibility of women to Alzheimer disease remains unclear and is likely to be multifactorial. Numerous high-profile studies, the most notable being the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS), have begun to investigate the role of female sex hormones in this disease.
期刊介绍：
Nature Reviews Endocrinology aspires to be the foremost platform for reviews and commentaries catering to the scientific communities it serves. The journal aims to publish articles characterized by authority, accessibility, and clarity, enhanced with easily understandable figures, tables, and other visual aids. The goal is to offer an unparalleled service to authors, referees, and readers, striving to maximize the usefulness and impact of each article. Nature Reviews Endocrinology publishes Research Highlights, Comments, News & Views, Reviews, Consensus Statements, and Perspectives relevant to researchers and clinicians in the fields of endocrinology and metabolism. Its broad scope ensures that the work it publishes reaches the widest possible audience.
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
分享
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
扫码关注我们
