An update in bone mineral density status in Spain: the OsteoSER study

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Archives of Osteoporosis Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1007/s11657-025-01520-9

Carmen Gómez-Vaquero, Marta Domínguez-Álvaro, Daniel Seoane-Mato, Pilar Peris Bernal, Santos Castañeda, Eduardo Kanterewicz Binstock, Ramón Mazzucchelli Esteban, Luis Arboleya Rodríguez, Miguel Bernard, Antonio Álvarez-Cienfuegos, Blanca Correa, Luis María Jiménez Liñán, Carmen Mateo Pascual, Ma Mercedes Molina del Rio, Mercedes Retamal Ortiz, Aida Fátima López Laguna, Ruth Molera Valero, Sara Alvar Pariente, Antonio Pascual-Vergara, Adolfo Arias Senso, Nuria Pérez Gutiérrez, Soledad García Frías, David Bouza Alvárez, Susana Sostrés, Daniel Suárez Hernandez, Ana Zamora Casal, Cristina García Ramírez, Enrique González-Dávila, on behalf of the OsteoSER Project Collaborative Group

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Abstract

Summary

Bone mineral density (BMD) reference data for the Spanish population come from the Multicenter Research Project on Osteoporosis (MRPO) in 1989. The OsteoSER study updated Spanish BMD reference data, showing similarities with MRPO and NHANES III. Peak bone mass occurred at 20–39 years, positively associated with physical activity and negatively with smoking. Osteopenia affected 54.4%, and osteoporosis 10.7% of adults ≥ 50 years, with higher prevalence in women and increasing with age.

Purpose

This study aimed to estimate the distribution of BMD in lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip in the Spanish population aged ≥ 20 years and compare it with MRPO and NHANES III data.

Methods

A multicenter cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a White Spanish population aged 20–80 years across 12 urban and rural municipalities. Participants were selected by primary care physicians based on inclusion criteria (stratified by sex, age, and BMI) and exclusion criteria (artifacts in BMD imaging in participants of all ages and conditions affecting bone density in younger participants). A vehicle with a Hologic® Horizon W densitometer traveled to each municipality.

Results

A total of 1522 participants underwent densitometry (51.8% men). Peak bone mass is reached at ages 20–39 years in both sexes at all sites. BMD was positively associated with height, BMI, and physical activity and negatively with smoking (p < 0.05). The distribution of BMD by age and sex was comparable to MRPO and NHANES III. We found that 54.4% of postmenopausal women and men ≥ 50 years had osteopenia, while osteoporosis was observed in 10.7%, with higher prevalence in women (18.6% vs. 2.6%) and increasing with age. Using MRPO criteria, osteoporosis prevalence rose to 14.8%.

Conclusion

The BMD of the OsteoSER study population is similar to that of MRPO and NHANES III. Physical activity positively influences peak bone mass, while smoking has detrimental effects.

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西班牙骨密度状况的更新：OsteoSER研究

西班牙人口的骨密度（BMD）参考数据来自1989年多中心骨质疏松症研究项目（MRPO）。OsteoSER研究更新了西班牙BMD参考数据，显示了MRPO和NHANES III的相似性。骨量峰值出现在20-39岁，与体育活动呈正相关，与吸烟负相关。在≥50岁的成年人中，骨量减少占54.4%，骨质疏松占10.7%，其中女性患病率较高，且随年龄增长而增加。目的：本研究旨在评估≥20岁西班牙人群腰椎、股骨颈和全髋的骨密度分布，并与MRPO和NHANES III数据进行比较。方法对12个城市和农村的20-80岁西班牙白人进行了一项多中心横断面观察研究。参与者由初级保健医生根据纳入标准（按性别、年龄和BMI分层）和排除标准（所有年龄参与者的骨密度成像伪影和影响年轻参与者骨密度的条件）选择。配备Hologic®Horizon W密度计的车辆前往每个城市。结果1522名参与者接受了密度测量，其中51.8%为男性。骨量高峰在20-39岁时达到，男女皆是如此。骨密度与身高、BMI、体力活动呈正相关，与吸烟呈负相关（p < 0.05）。骨密度按年龄和性别的分布与MRPO和NHANES III相当。我们发现54.4%的绝经后女性和≥50岁的男性患有骨质疏松症，而骨质疏松症发生率为10.7%，其中女性患病率较高（18.6%对2.6%），且随年龄增长而增加。使用MRPO标准，骨质疏松症患病率上升至14.8%。结论OsteoSER研究人群的骨密度与MRPO和NHANES III相似。体育活动对骨量峰值有积极影响，而吸烟则有不利影响。

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来源期刊

Archives of Osteoporosis ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISMORTHOPEDICS -ORTHOPEDICS

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

10.00%

发文量

133

期刊介绍： Archives of Osteoporosis is an international multidisciplinary journal which is a joint initiative of the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. The journal will highlight the specificities of different regions around the world concerning epidemiology, reference values for bone density and bone metabolism, as well as clinical aspects of osteoporosis and other bone diseases.