Innovative IoT-Integrated Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Chloride Penetration in Concrete Structures

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel, non-destructive, and preventive method for monitoring chloride ion penetration in concrete, replacing conventional techniques. While previous research has focused on using sensors to detect rebar corrosion, this study prioritizes preventive measures to monitor chloride ion penetration depth and prevent corrosion. We utilized carbon-based substrate (CPS) sensors, cement pseudo-reference electrodes (GS1, GS3, GSAg), and steel 316 ladder (L316) sensors. The results demonstrate that these sensors effectively provide real-time data on chloride ion penetration via an Internet of Things (IoT) platform. This system can prevent further ion infiltration, thus reducing corrosion risks. The sensors’ performance was validated by comparing them with chloride profile tests. The penetration rate was also compared to Fick’s second law diffusion rate, showing a 21% difference, confirming the reliability of the sensors for long-term structural health monitoring.