Evaluation of the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L and Coffea arabica L seeds in STZ induced diabetic mice: impact on kidney and liver functions.

Abstract

Introduction: diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease of the endocrine system characterized by elevated blood sugar levels due to disorders in insulin action, and secretion. This study aims to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L and Coffea arabica L seeds in STZ (streptozotocin) induced diabetic mice: impact on kidney and liver functions.

Methods: twenty-six male mice aged 2 weeks, were divided into five groups: normal control, diabetic control (DC), positive control (PC), galactomannan-treated (GM), and chlorogenic acid-treated (CGA). Trigonella foenum-graecum L (TFL) seeds were bought from the local market. Similarly, Coffea arabica L (CAL) seeds were collected from the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange. After a 28-day treatment period TFL and CAL, Fasting Blood Glucose diabetic control (FBG], Oral Glucose Tolerance (OGT), lipid profile, and kidney and liver function tests were conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using R software, with the significance level set at a P-value < 0.05.

Results: galactomannan-treated and CGA significantly reduced FBG by -176.8 and -252.4 (p<0.01), respectively, and improved OGT (AUC of CGA-7449 and GM-14754) in comparison to DC (52452] (p<0.05). Similarly, liver and kidney function tests showed a statistically significant difference against the non-treated group 1 (p<0.01). In the lipid profile test, galactomannan reduced triglyceride and cholesterol levels, while chlorogenic acid improved low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol.

Conclusion: according to this research, TFL and CAL seeds decreased fasting blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, liver and kidney function tests, and glucose tolerance.