Rui Xiao , Erika Carter , Austin Allen , Pei-Lin Tan , Yu-Hua Zheng , Qian Chen , Shun-Ni Zhu , Sudeep C. Popat , Allan Knopf , Clinton F. Williams , Howard H. Chou , Huan Chen
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Large-scale farms with concentrated animal feeding operations generate significant volumes of dairy livestock wastewater (LWW) that are rich in nutrients and salinity, and its improper management can quickly deteriorate natural environments. Here, we cultivated two microalgae, Chlorella protothecoides and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, in filtered dairy LWW to achieve nutrient recovery from high-salinity dairy wastewater. Under 1000–7000 lux using 25–100 % LWW, we observed high removal of 86.8–95.3 % dissolved total nitrogen, 75.5–92.0 % dissolved organic nitrogen, 98.3–99.8 % NH₄+-N, and 57.2–100 % total phosphorus, with moderate removal of 12.1–67.5 % for dissolved organic carbon and 2.49–33.4 % for total 19 metal(loid)s. Notably, the aromaticity of LWW dramatically reduced under higher light intensity and low rainwater dilution levels, while organic nitrogen utilization was markedly enhanced when light intensity exceeded 3000 lux. We found the highest values of 5.33–6.52 g/L for biomass yields, 37.9–42.0 % for protein contents, and 22.2–27.6 % for lipid contents. Total fatty acids (TFAs) contained 89.5–100 % C16-C18, predominantly C16:0, C18:1, and C18:2. Lipid accumulation was significantly enhanced under higher light intensities, though C. reinhardtii exhibited a greater sensitivity to higher LWW proportions compared to C. protothecoides, which favored lower rainwater dilution levels for increased TFA accumulation. Our study indicated that these two microalgae, when cultivated in filtered dairy LWW rich in nutrients and salinity, are promising feedstock candidates for biodiesel production.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Water Process Engineering aims to publish refereed, high-quality research papers with significant novelty and impact in all areas of the engineering of water and wastewater processing . Papers on advanced and novel treatment processes and technologies are particularly welcome. The Journal considers papers in areas such as nanotechnology and biotechnology applications in water, novel oxidation and separation processes, membrane processes (except those for desalination) , catalytic processes for the removal of water contaminants, sustainable processes, water reuse and recycling, water use and wastewater minimization, integrated/hybrid technology, process modeling of water treatment and novel treatment processes. Submissions on the subject of adsorbents, including standard measurements of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium will only be considered if there is a genuine case for novelty and contribution, for example highly novel, sustainable adsorbents and their use: papers on activated carbon-type materials derived from natural matter, or surfactant-modified clays and related minerals, would not fulfil this criterion. The Journal particularly welcomes contributions involving environmentally, economically and socially sustainable technology for water treatment, including those which are energy-efficient, with minimal or no chemical consumption, and capable of water recycling and reuse that minimizes the direct disposal of wastewater to the aquatic environment. Papers that describe novel ideas for solving issues related to water quality and availability are also welcome, as are those that show the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. The Journal will consider papers dealing with processes for various water matrices including drinking water (except desalination), domestic, urban and industrial wastewaters, in addition to their residues. It is expected that the journal will be of particular relevance to chemical and process engineers working in the field. The Journal welcomes Full Text papers, Short Communications, State-of-the-Art Reviews and Letters to Editors and Case Studies