The Role of miR-144 in Inflammatory Diseases: A Review

Abstract

Background

Inflammation, often caused by various stimuli, is a common response to tissue homeostasis disruptions and is considered a key driver of many pathological conditions. MicroRNA-144 (miR-144) has emerged as a critical regulator in inflammatory diseases, with its dysregulation implicated in various pathological conditions. Understanding its role and mechanisms is essential for developing therapeutic strategies.

Objective

This article aimed to evaluate the role of miR-144 in inflammatory diseases through a literature review.

Methods

Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Springer Link, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and Wanfang Data were searched for relevant literature. The following keywords were used and combined differently according to the rules of the databases: “miR-144,” “inflammation,” “inflammatory,” and “immune response.” Studies investigating miR-144 in the context of inflammation were included. Data were extracted to assess miR-144's expression patterns and its association with disease severity and outcomes.

Results

miR-144 was found to be differentially expressed in a range of inflammatory diseases, including sepsis, infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, neuropsychiatric diseases, arthritis, and pregnancy complications. The expression patterns varied depending on the disease, with both upregulation and downregulation observed. miR-144 was implicated in the modulation of inflammatory responses through direct and indirect targeting of key proteins and pathways. The review also highlighted the potential of miR-144 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.

Conclusion

miR-144 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and holds promise as a biomarker. Its expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms offer insights into disease processes and may guide future therapeutic strategies. However, further clinical studies are needed to validate miR-144's utility as a biomarker and to explore its therapeutic potential in a clinical setting.