Nicol Bernardinello, Margherita Zen, Gioele Castelli, Elisabetta Cocconcelli, Elisabetta Balestro, Raphaël Borie, Paolo Spagnolo
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects millions of people worldwide and is characterized by persistent inflammation, pain, and joint destruction. In RA, the dysregulation of the immune system is well documented. However, the genetic basis of the disease is not fully understood, especially when extra-articular organs are involved. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with RA. Notably, RA-ILD shares several risk factors with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), namely male gender, smoking history, usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern of fibrosis, and association with the MUC5B rs35705950 polymorphism. In addition, other genetic susceptibilities are reported in RA-ILD for some HLA alleles and other less studied polymorphisms. However, the pathobiology of RA-ILD, particularly whether and to what extent genetic and environmental factors interact to determine the disease, remains elusive. In this review, we summarize and critically discuss the most recent literature on the genetics and pathogenesis of RA-ILD. The main clinical aspects of RA-ILD are also discussed.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Medicine publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research linking basic research to clinical practice and patient care, as well as translating scientific advances into new therapies and diagnostic tools. Led by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts, this multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
In addition to papers that provide a link between basic research and clinical practice, a particular emphasis is given to studies that are directly relevant to patient care. In this spirit, the journal publishes the latest research results and medical knowledge that facilitate the translation of scientific advances into new therapies or diagnostic tools. The full listing of the Specialty Sections represented by Frontiers in Medicine is as listed below. As well as the established medical disciplines, Frontiers in Medicine is launching new sections that together will facilitate
- the use of patient-reported outcomes under real world conditions
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- access to medicinal products and medical devices worldwide
- addressing the grand health challenges around the world