Postfault Sensorless Control of Three-Phase SPMSM Based on Unified Model of Diode-Through Residual Current Under Single-Phase IGBT Open-Circuit Fault

Abstract

Sensorless control under open-circuit faults is challenging for classic three-phase half-bridge motor drives. This article proposes a method that exploits the correlation between back-electromagnetic force (back EMF) and diode-through residual current in the insulate-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) open-circuit phase. First, the residual current model is developed, followed by a sampling strategy that unifies the model under different speeds. Using this unified model, a phase back EMF observer is designed, enabling accurate postfault estimation of rotor speed and position. Experimental validation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving an estimation error of 0.3 rad under steady-state conditions and 0.5 rad during acceleration and deceleration.