A Comprehensive Review of Instrumentation and Applications in Post-Column and In-Source Derivatization for LC-MS.

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 SPECTROSCOPY Mass Spectrometry Reviews Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI:10.1002/mas.21930

Nadeem Muhammad, Irshad Hussain, Xiao-An Fu, Amjad Ali, Dandan Guo, Laila Noureen, Qamar Subhani, Naushad Ahmad, Quan-Fei Zhu, Hairong Cui, Yu-Qi Feng

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Abstract

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has become an indispensable tool for elucidating molecular structures and quantifying diverse compounds within complex mixtures. Despite its versatility, it faces various challenges such as ion suppression, low sensitivity, analyte instability, and matrix effects, which are being overcome by different kinds of offline and online derivatization techniques to improve specificity and reduce potential interferences. In this context, considerable advancements have been made in reviewing and critically evaluating a wide range of developed methods and techniques; however, little attention has been given to post-column derivatization (PCD) in LC-MS. Therefore, this comprehensive review highlights state-of-the-art advancements in LC-MS with a specific focus on various types of chemical and physical PCD, and in-source derivatization. It also examines the latest instrumentation developments, highlights methods and influencing factors, and explores applications in food, proteomics, biology, pharmaceuticals, and environmental analysis from the past four decades. Besides, this review critically examines the role of PCD in LC-MS along with outlining its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, special emphasis is also made on prospects and insights for developing more versatile LC-PCD-MS techniques and in-source methodologies, to address ongoing challenges and aim to open new research avenues for analysts.

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来源期刊

Mass Spectrometry Reviews 物理-光谱学

CiteScore

16.30

自引率

3.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The aim of the journal Mass Spectrometry Reviews is to publish well-written reviews in selected topics in the various sub-fields of mass spectrometry as a means to summarize the research that has been performed in that area, to focus attention of other researchers, to critically review the published material, and to stimulate further research in that area. The scope of the published reviews include, but are not limited to topics, such as theoretical treatments, instrumental design, ionization methods, analyzers, detectors, application to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of various compounds or elements, basic ion chemistry and structure studies, ion energetic studies, and studies on biomolecules, polymers, etc.