Comparison of Retinal Microvascular Changes in Axial Spondyloarthritis Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Anti-TNF vs. NSAID Therapy.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Diagnostics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.3390/diagnostics15050597
Özlem Karataş, Çisil Erkan Pota, Bülent Akyüz, Yusuf Samet Atlıhan, Kaan Pota, Aslı Çetinkaya Yaprak, Merve Sarı, Serpil Tuna
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Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate retinal and choroidal microvascular changes in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) treated with long-term anti-TNF therapy and NSAIDs and in healthy control subjects using optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCT-A). Methods: A total of 162 eyes from 81 participants were included: 52 eyes from 26 axSpA patients treated with anti-TNF therapy (≥5 years), 44 eyes from 22 axSpA patients treated with NSAIDs, and 66 eyes from 33 healthy control subjects. SS-OCT-A imaging was used to assess retinal thickness, ganglion cell layer thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and the vessel densities of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC). Disease activity was assessed with ASDAS-CRP. Results: Both axSpA subgroups showed a significant expansion of the foveal avascular zone and reduced SCP and DCP densities compared to the controls. The CC vessel density was higher in axSpA patients than in healthy subjects. The anti-TNF group had a lower CC vascular density than the NSAIDs group. The disease duration correlated with a decreased central DCP density and increased paracentral SCP and CC densities. Conclusions: SS-OCT-A revealed subclinical retinal and choroidal changes in axSpA patients, highlighting the impact of chronic inflammation on the retinal vasculature. While anti-TNF therapy effectively controls systemic inflammation, it cannot completely prevent microvascular changes. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical relevance of these results.

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来源期刊
Diagnostics
Diagnostics Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Clinical Biochemistry
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.30%
发文量
2699
审稿时长
19.64 days
期刊介绍: Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418) is an international scholarly open access journal on medical diagnostics. It publishes original research articles, reviews, communications and short notes on the research and development of medical diagnostics. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodological details must be provided for research articles.
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