Influence of buccal bone lamella defects on hard and soft tissues with submerged and non-submerged healing in immediate implants - an experimental study in minipigs.

IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE International Journal of Implant Dentistry Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI:10.1186/s40729-025-00607-9
Christian Mehl, Sönke Harder, Leonie Zenzen, Hendrik Naujokat, Jörg Wiltfang, Yahya Acil, Matthias Kern
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Abstract

Purpose: This study assessed the impact of the buccal bone on hard and soft tissues in submerged and non-submerged immediate implants using a minipig model.

Methods: Sixty-five titanium implants (Camlog Progressive Line) were placed in four minipigs immediately after tooth extraction. All non-submerged (NSM) implants received a mechanically induced buccal bone defect (NSM-BD), whereas the submerged group (SM) was classified as defective (SM-BD) and intact (SM-BI). All bone defects underwent guided bone regeneration (GBR). After four months, the minipigs were sacrificed. Harvested specimens were analysed using histomorphometry and light and fluorescence microscopy. The evaluated parameters included the sulcus (S), implant epithelium (IE), connective tissue (CT), biological width (BW), highest soft tissue point (HSTP), and first hard tissue contact (FHTC).

Results: Of the 65 implants four (6%) were lost, while all remaining implants demonstrated clinical stability (Periotest). Despite GBR failures caused by the pigs' hay consumption after one week, no significant differences (p > 0.5) were observed between SM-BD and NSM-BD in buccal parameters (NSM-BD/SM-BD: S = 0.6 mm, IE = 2.9/2.4 mm, CT = 3.5/3.4 mm, BW = 5.9/5.8 mm). Compared to SM-BI soft-tissue parameters increased in length with reduced buccal bone lamella (SM-BI/SM-BD: S = 0.4/0,6 mm; p ≤ 0.04, SM-BI/NSM-BD: IE = 1.8/2.9 mm; p ≤ 0.007, SM-BI/SM-BD: CT = 2.5/3.4 mm; p ≤ 0.01, BW = 4.0/5.8 mm; p ≤ 0.007). The buccal HSTP remained unaffected (p > 0.5; (NSM-BD = 1.8 mm, SM-BD = 1.0 mm, SM-BI = 2.0 mm; p > 0.5) for all groups.

Conclusion: A buccal bone defect resulted in prolonged S, IE, CT, and BW. However, the aesthetic parameter HSTP did not exhibit significant differences (p > 0.5) at the buccal implant site when comparing the SM and NSM healing protocols.

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来源期刊
International Journal of Implant Dentistry
International Journal of Implant Dentistry DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
7.40%
发文量
53
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Implant Dentistry is a peer-reviewed open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. The journal is dedicated to promoting the exchange and discussion of all research areas relevant to implant dentistry in the form of systematic literature or invited reviews, prospective and retrospective clinical studies, clinical case reports, basic laboratory and animal research, and articles on material research and engineering.
期刊最新文献
Early marginal peri-implant bone loss around tissue-level implants: a retrospective radiographic evaluation. Influence of buccal bone lamella defects on hard and soft tissues with submerged and non-submerged healing in immediate implants - an experimental study in minipigs. Horizontal vascular-stalked split osteotomy (HVSO): a bone augmentation technique for the atrophic jaw- a retrospective cohort study in 29 patients. Primary implant stability of two implant macro-designs in different alveolar ridge morphologies: an in vitro study. The influence of platform switching and platform matching on marginal bone loss in immediately inserted dental implants: a retrospective clinical study.
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