Effect of Waterpipe Smoking and its Cessation on Metabolic Biomarkers and a Novel Biomarker Omentin-1.

Abstract

Background and objective: Waterpipe smoking (WPS) has increased globally and may lead to various metabolic disorders. However, its long-term effects and cessation impact on metabolic biomarkers and omentin-1 remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of WPS and its cessation on metabolic biomarkers and omentin-1 levels and explore their correlations.

Materials and methods: 90 individuals were categorized into three groups (non-smokers, waterpipe smokers, and cessation of waterpipe smokers). FBS, and lipid profiles including TC, TG, and HDL were measured using the Cobas 6000 c501 system, while FI was analyzed with the Cobas 6000 c601 system. Omentin-1 concentrations were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a human omentin ELISA kit.

Results: FI, HOMA-IR, and lipid profiles were significantly elevated in WPS and cessation groups. Omentin-1 and DBP levels significantly decreased in both groups compared to non-smokers. Increased WPS duration leads to reduced BMI, WC, and DBP, while cessation duration decreases FBS and SBP. A negative association was identified among omentin-1 with FBS and O₂.

Conclusion: WPS and its cessation adversely affect metabolic health, reducing omentin-1 levels and increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. Over time, cessation improves specific biochemical markers, highlighting the need for public health awareness.