Mycoplasma genitalium and antimicrobial resistance among the general female and male population in northern Spain.

IF 3.6 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Sexually Transmitted Infections Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI:10.1136/sextrans-2024-056374
Isabel Lara, Victor Hernandez-Ruiz, Miguel Fernández-Huerta, Jorge Rodriguez-Grande, Francisco Arnaiz De Las Revillas, Jesus Rodriguez-Lozano, Jorge Calvo-Montes, Alain Ocampo-Sosa, María Carmen Fariñas, Maria Pia Roiz Mesones, Sergio Garcia-Fernandez, Zaira Moure
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Abstract

Objectives: Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) STIs represent a global concern, especially considering its rapid ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of MG and antibiotic resistance among the general female and male populations in northern Spain.

Methods: Between April 2019 and May 2023, individuals attending healthcare facilities for STI screening were tested for MG and macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance mutations. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using single-locus sequence-based typing of the mgpB gene and complemented by dual-locus sequence-based typing combining the mgpB and MG309 genes.

Results: Of the 6350 people tested for MG during the study period, 5269 (83%) were women. Macrolide resistance mutations were identified in 25.4% of cases, with a higher prevalence in men (40% vs 17.14%) and coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis was found predominantly in women (18.6% vs 7.5%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct epidemiological clades strongly correlated with gender. Clade A predominantly involved men with higher rates of HIV and syphilis history and detection of resistance mutations, while clade B exclusively comprised women, with only one case of macrolide resistance.

Conclusions: The predominance of women in STI screening requests reflects local trends in screening patterns and underscores the importance of understanding MG infection in women in our region. The clear separation of clades suggests two independent sexual networks, with clade A representing a high-risk population and dense connectivity. This research provides a foundation for future studies on the prevalence, transmission dynamics and impact of MG infection, particularly among the female population, where understanding remains limited.

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来源期刊
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Sexually Transmitted Infections 医学-传染病学
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
8.30%
发文量
96
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Sexually Transmitted Infections is the world’s longest running international journal on sexual health. It aims to keep practitioners, trainees and researchers up to date in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of all STIs and HIV. The journal publishes original research, descriptive epidemiology, evidence-based reviews and comment on the clinical, public health, sociological and laboratory aspects of sexual health from around the world. We also publish educational articles, letters and other material of interest to readers, along with podcasts and other online material. STI provides a high quality editorial service from submission to publication.
期刊最新文献
Clostridioides difficile infection following self-directed post-exposure antibiotic use for STI prevention. Mycoplasma genitalium and antimicrobial resistance among the general female and male population in northern Spain. Characterisation of a syndemic of STI symptoms, substance use and violence among incarcerated Peruvian women. Investigation of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae detected in Scotland, 2018-2024. Lack of prenatal care in pregnancies complicated by syphilis: trend, risk factors and outcomes.
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