Outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia in adolescents and adults: an experience from hematology cancer consortium

Abstract

Treatment of Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL/L) in adults has evolved from the use of pediatric inspired regimens (CODOX-M/IVAC, hyper-CVAD, GMALL) to the use of lower intensity EPOCH regimens. The addition of rituximab has led to improvements in overall survival. Survival with these regimens in the real world was shown to be inferior as compared to those found in the prospective trials. In low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings, unique problems like delays in seeking care, treatment-related toxicities, and treatment abandonment may hamper outcomes. We performed this retrospective multicenter analysis amongst eight centers in India, to study the disease characteristics, treatment patterns, outcomes, and prognostic factors for BL/L. Between 2012–2019, 265 patients were treated at these centers. Common regimens were methotrexate-based (N – 108(40.7%)) and EPOCH-based (N – 103(38.8%)). After a median follow-up of 42 months, 3-year event-free and overall survival were 58% (95% CI: 55–61%) and 66% (95%CI: 63–69%) respectively. In a propensity matched analysis comparing methotrexate-based protocol and EPOCH-based protocol, the EFS and OS were similar with both the protocols. EPOCH based protocol yielded inferior outcomes in patients with bone marrow, and central nervous system involvement. Factors like rituximab incorporation, baseline ECOG PS 0–2, lower serum LDH, early stage(I/II), achievement of complete response (CR) and low/intermediate BL-IPI risk scores were associated with better survival. However, on multivariable analysis, major factor impacting outcome was achievement of CR.