The crosstalk between CNS resident glial cells and peripheral immune cells is critical for age-dependent demyelination and subsequent remyelination.

IF 4.1 4区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Biogerontology Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1007/s10522-025-10213-2

Rishika Jana, Jayasri Das Sarma

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Abstract

White-matter diseases like multiple sclerosis begin in young adulthood. Aging, being a risk factor, contributes to the progression of these diseases and makes neurological disabilities worsen. Aging causes white matter alteration due to myelin loss, axonal degeneration, and hyperintensities, resulting in cognitive impairment and neurological disorders. Aging also negatively affects central nervous system resident glial cells and peripheral immune cells, contributing to myelin degeneration and diminished myelin renewal process. Restoration of myelin failure with aging accelerates the progression of cognitive decline. This review will mainly focus on how age-related altered functions of glial and peripheral cells will affect myelin sheath alteration and myelin restoration. This understanding can give us insights into the underlying mechanisms of demyelination and failure of remyelination with aging concerning altered glial and peripheral immune cell function and their crosstalk. Also, we will explain the therapeutic strategies to enhance the remyelination process of an aging brain to improve the cognitive health of an aging person.

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中枢神经系统常驻神经胶质细胞和外周免疫细胞之间的相互影响对于年龄依赖性脱髓鞘和随后的再髓鞘化至关重要。

多发性硬化症等白质疾病始于青壮年时期。衰老作为一个风险因素，会导致这些疾病的发展，并使神经系统残疾恶化。衰老会导致髓鞘脱落、轴突变性和过度密集等白质改变，从而造成认知障碍和神经系统疾病。衰老还会对中枢神经系统常驻神经胶质细胞和外周免疫细胞产生负面影响，导致髓鞘退化和髓鞘更新过程减弱。随着年龄的增长，髓鞘衰竭的恢复会加速认知能力的衰退。本综述将主要关注与年龄有关的神经胶质细胞和外周细胞功能的改变将如何影响髓鞘的改变和髓鞘的恢复。通过了解这一点，我们可以深入了解衰老导致脱髓鞘和再髓鞘化失败的潜在机制，即神经胶质细胞和外周免疫细胞功能的改变及其相互影响。此外，我们还将解释加强衰老大脑再髓鞘化过程的治疗策略，以改善衰老者的认知健康。

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来源期刊

Biogerontology 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

4.40%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal Biogerontology offers a platform for research which aims primarily at achieving healthy old age accompanied by improved longevity. The focus is on efforts to understand, prevent, cure or minimize age-related impairments. Biogerontology provides a peer-reviewed forum for publishing original research data, new ideas and discussions on modulating the aging process by physical, chemical and biological means, including transgenic and knockout organisms; cell culture systems to develop new approaches and health care products for maintaining or recovering the lost biochemical functions; immunology, autoimmunity and infection in aging; vertebrates, invertebrates, micro-organisms and plants for experimental studies on genetic determinants of aging and longevity; biodemography and theoretical models linking aging and survival kinetics.