Neuroanatomical and functional correlates in borderline personality disorder: A narrative review

Abstract

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a dysfunctional, stable, and pervasive alteration in personality functioning with the inability to adapt to the environment, mental rigidity, and ego-syntonic. High suicidality in BPD patients underlines the significance of research into its pathology. While extensive research on the psychological and behavioral manifestations of BPD can be found in literature, the neuropsychological aspects of the disorder are still partially unknown, although the roles of certain brain structures in the manifestation of the pathology, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, insula, medial prefrontal and cingulate cortices, nucleus accumbens, and temporo-occipital areas, have already been clarified. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge of the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of BPD, providing insights that may inform future research and therapeutic strategies.