Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Lactoferrin and HIF-1α on Dry Eye Syndrome in Mice.

IF 3 2区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Experimental eye research Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1016/j.exer.2025.110339
Shanshan Sun, Wang Zong, Lei Jiang, Juan Chen, De Wu, Zhuo Sun
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and related mechanisms of lactoferrin and HIF-1α on dry eye syndrome (DED) in mice. The expression levels of lactoferrin and HIF-1α in tears of DED patients and normal controls were detected. A DED mouse model received lactoferrin (50 mg/kg dissolved in 2 mL PBS) or DMOG (40 mg/kg dissolved in 2 mL PBS) orally daily for 28 days. DMOG (dimethyloxaloylglycine) is a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor. Various tests conducted in this study were phenol red thread test, corneal fluorescein sodium staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, PAS staining of conjunctiva, TUNEL staining, and Western blotting. Compared to normal controls, DED patients showed significantly decreased expression of lactoferrin and increased expression of HIF-1α in tears (P<0.05). Compared to normal mice, DED model mice exhibited significantly decreased tear secretion, goblet cell count, Bcl-2, lactoferrin, and STAT3 protein expression levels, and significantly increased corneal fluorescein sodium staining grade, TUNEL positivity rate, Bax, HIF-1α, p21, and p27 protein expression levels (P<0.05). Treatment with lactoferrin or DMOG significantly increased tear secretion, goblet cell count, Bcl-2, lactoferrin, HIF-1α, and STAT3 protein expression levels, and significantly decreased corneal fluorescein sodium staining grade, TUNEL positivity rate, Bax, p21, and p27 protein expression levels in DED model mice (P<0.05). Normal mice showed normal corneal morphology. Compared to normal mice, DED model mice exhibited rough surface of corneal epithelial cell layer with vacuolated cells and inflammatory cell infiltration. Treatment with lactoferrin or DMOG significantly alleviated corneal lesions in DED model mice. Lactoferrin and HIF-1α exert protective effects on DED in mice.

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来源期刊
Experimental eye research
Experimental eye research 医学-眼科学
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
5.90%
发文量
323
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: The primary goal of Experimental Eye Research is to publish original research papers on all aspects of experimental biology of the eye and ocular tissues that seek to define the mechanisms of normal function and/or disease. Studies of ocular tissues that encompass the disciplines of cell biology, developmental biology, genetics, molecular biology, physiology, biochemistry, biophysics, immunology or microbiology are most welcomed. Manuscripts that are purely clinical or in a surgical area of ophthalmology are not appropriate for submission to Experimental Eye Research and if received will be returned without review.
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