Surface modification of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) via sulfonation and hydroxyapatite coating: impact on shear bond strength with resin composite.

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Clinical Oral Investigations Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI:10.1007/s00784-025-06256-x

Thae Phyu Htay, Chaimongkon Peampring, Putsadeeporn Thammajaruk

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Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluates the effects of various polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surface treatments on its shear bond strength (SBS) with flowable resin composite.

Methods: A total of 120 PEEK disks were categorized into five groups: untreated PEEK (control), sandblasted with 50 μm alumina (Sa PEEK), etched with 98% sulfuric acid for 1 min (S PEEK), hydroxyapatite-coated sulfonated PEEK (HA PEEK), and phosphoric acid-etched HA-coated PEEK (HAP PEEK). Each group was subdivided into two groups (n = 12): Scotchbond Universal Plus (Scb) and Single Bond Universal (Sib) adhesive application and bond with flowable resin composite. SBS was evaluated after thermocycling for 5000 cycles and the results were analyzed using two-way and one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's HSD (α = 0.05). Failure mode was analyzed using light and scanning electron microscope. Surface roughness and contact angle analysis of each surface treatment were also done.

Results: HA PEEK exhibited the highest SBS in both Scb and Sib, while untreated PEEK showed the lowest. The effect of bonding agent can be seen only in S PEEK group where Sib demonstrated significantly higher SBS (P < 0.05) than Scb. Cohesive and mixed failures were observed in HA PEEK and HAP PEEK groups and others showed mostly adhesive failure. The wettability of PEEK increased after surface treatment except for Sa PEEK.

Conclusions: HA PEEK consistently achieved the highest SBS, indicating that combining sulfonation with HA coating is an effective strategy to enhance bonding between PEEK and flowable resin composite.

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磺化和羟基磷灰石涂层对聚醚醚酮（PEEK）表面改性：对树脂复合材料剪切结合强度的影响

目的：研究不同表面处理对聚醚醚酮（PEEK）与可流动树脂复合材料剪切结合强度（SBS）的影响。方法：将120个PEEK薄片分为5组：未处理PEEK（对照）、50 μm氧化铝喷砂（Sa PEEK）、98%硫酸蚀刻1 min （S PEEK）、羟基磷灰石涂层磺化PEEK （HA PEEK）和磷酸蚀刻HA涂层PEEK （HAP PEEK）。每组再分为两组（n = 12）： Scotchbond Universal Plus （Scb）和Single Bond Universal （Sib）粘接并与可流动树脂复合材料粘接。热循环5000次后评价SBS，采用双因素方差分析和单因素方差分析，采用Tukey’s HSD （α = 0.05）进行分析。利用光镜和扫描电镜对其失效模式进行分析。对各表面处理的表面粗糙度和接触角进行了分析。结果：HA PEEK在Scb和Sib中表现出最高的SBS，而未经治疗的PEEK表现出最低的SBS。结论：HA PEEK始终获得最高的SBS，表明磺化与HA涂层结合是增强PEEK与可流动树脂复合材料结合的有效策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Oral Investigations 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

5.90%

发文量

484

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The journal Clinical Oral Investigations is a multidisciplinary, international forum for publication of research from all fields of oral medicine. The journal publishes original scientific articles and invited reviews which provide up-to-date results of basic and clinical studies in oral and maxillofacial science and medicine. The aim is to clarify the relevance of new results to modern practice, for an international readership. Coverage includes maxillofacial and oral surgery, prosthetics and restorative dentistry, operative dentistry, endodontics, periodontology, orthodontics, dental materials science, clinical trials, epidemiology, pedodontics, oral implant, preventive dentistiry, oral pathology, oral basic sciences and more.