Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and acute toxicity of Brugmansia arborea extracts from wild plants and shoots obtained by indirect organogenesis. A thermographic assay to anti-inflammatory evaluation

Abstract

Inflammation is a condition that affects a large percentage of the population, rendering the search for alternative treatments urgent. Medicinal plant such as Brugmansia arborea has been employed in traditional medicine, it is used to alleviate menstrual pain, acne, promote wound healing, and ease joint pain, headaches, and other ailments. Some alkaloids (mainly atropine, scopolamine, and nor-hyoscyamine) have been described. In this paper, the in-vitro cultivation from leaf explants of B. arborea through indirect organogenesis is described. From wild plants (BA) and shoots (BAB) their extracts were prepared, and were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, identifying 18 main metabolites. Antioxidant activity was assessed with EC₅₀ = 199.52 and 31.63 mg/mL for BA and BAB, respectively. Boths extracts showed a DL₅₀ > 2 g/kg and is classified as non-toxic. In Acetylated and Hydrolyzed extracts, acetyl-rutin and kaempferol, respectively were identified. Anti-inflammatory activity was assayed employing carrageenan model. The ED₅₀ values were < 158.48 mg/kg by BA, BAB, Ac-BA, and H-BA, being more active the hydrolyzed extract (ED₅₀ = 63.09 and 64.56 mg/kg) for females and male mice. In topical TPA model, the ED₅₀ value were < 0.47 mg/ear for BA, BAB, Ac-BA, and H-BA. Thermographic analysis is a non-invasive, cheap, effective and reproducible method to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of substances, since it quantifies the increase in temperature in an inflammatory process, so this technique constitutes an alternative in the search for this type of agent.