Decoding intricate interactions between m6A modification with mRNAs and non-coding RNAs in cervical cancer: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications

Abstract

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most prevalent RNA modification that is regulated by three regulatory factors: “writers”, “erasers” and “readers”. m6A modification regulates RNA stability and other mechanisms, including translation, cleavage, and degradation. Current research has demonstrated that m6A methylation is involved in the regulation of occurrence and development of cancers by controlling the expression of cancer-related genes. This review summarizes the role of m6A modification on messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cervical cancer (CC). We highlight the dual role of m6A regulatory factors, which act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the cellular context and downstream targets. Additionally, we examine how ncRNAs reciprocally regulate m6A modification in two ways: by guiding the deposition or removal of m6A modifications on RNA targets, and by modulating the expression of m6A regulatory factors. These interactions further contribute to tumor progression. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of targeting m6A modification has been emphasized in CC. Moreover, recent advances in small-molecule inhibitors targeting m6A regulators and RNA-based therapies which may offer new treatment strategies have been summarized. Finally, we discuss the current challenges in m6A modification research and provide suggestions for future research directions. This review aims to deepen the understanding of m6A modification in CC and contribute to the development of targeted and personalized treatment strategies.