Influence mechanisms and control effects of overburden on rock slope stability: case study in Yanqianshan iron mine, China

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI:10.1007/s10064-025-04179-1

Lingfei Zhang, Zhongxin Wang, Jian Cao, Xiangyu Zeng, Fengliang Tian, Fengyang Xin, Junting Huang

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Abstract

With the continuous development of mineral resources, many open-pit mines are transitioning to underground mining projects as they reach greater depths. Long-term open-pit mining has resulted in the formation of high, steep slopes, the stability of which is significantly affected by the material overlaying the ore (the “overburden”). Landslide damage characteristics and deformation ranges of the Yanqianshan iron mine are analyzed in this study using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and Small Baseline Subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technology. Based on the limit equilibrium theory, this analysis reveals the control mechanism of the overburden on slope instability; a theoretical approach for calculating overburden thickness is also established using Janssen’s pressure theory. The effects of various treatment schemes are evaluated through a discrete–continuous coupling method and verified by field measurements. The results indicate that the overburden significantly influences slope stability. When the overburden influence coefficient u ≥ 1, it exerts a positive stabilizing effect. The optimal overburden thickness for the Yanqianshan iron mine is determined to be 65.38 m.

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覆盖层对岩质边坡稳定性的影响机理及控制效果——以燕潜山铁矿为例

随着矿产资源的不断开发，许多露天矿随着开采深度的增加，正在向地下开采项目过渡。长期露天采矿形成了高而陡的斜坡，其稳定性受到覆盖在矿石上的物质（“覆盖层”）的显著影响。利用无人机（UAV）摄影测量技术和小基线子集InSAR （SBAS-InSAR）技术，对雁前山铁矿滑坡破坏特征和变形范围进行了分析。基于极限平衡理论，揭示了覆盖层对边坡失稳的控制机理；利用杨森压力理论，建立了计算覆岩厚度的理论方法。通过离散-连续耦合方法对不同处理方案的效果进行了评价，并通过现场实测进行了验证。结果表明，覆盖层对边坡稳定性影响显著。当覆盖层影响系数u≥1时，具有正向稳定作用。确定了雁潜山铁矿最佳覆盖层厚度为65.38 m。

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来源期刊

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 工程技术-地球科学综合

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

11.90%

发文量

445

审稿时长

4.1 months

期刊介绍： Engineering geology is defined in the statutes of the IAEG as the science devoted to the investigation, study and solution of engineering and environmental problems which may arise as the result of the interaction between geology and the works or activities of man, as well as of the prediction of and development of measures for the prevention or remediation of geological hazards. Engineering geology embraces: • the applications/implications of the geomorphology, structural geology, and hydrogeological conditions of geological formations; • the characterisation of the mineralogical, physico-geomechanical, chemical and hydraulic properties of all earth materials involved in construction, resource recovery and environmental change; • the assessment of the mechanical and hydrological behaviour of soil and rock masses; • the prediction of changes to the above properties with time; • the determination of the parameters to be considered in the stability analysis of engineering works and earth masses.