Neuropsychological Performance and Its Predictors in the Early Treatment Phase of Non-CNS Pediatric Cancer

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q2 HEMATOLOGY Pediatric Blood & Cancer Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI:10.1002/pbc.31659

Marisa H. Huisman, Sterre Sanstra, Daniëlle P. A. Bos, Lianne M. Haveman, Martha A. Grootenhuis, Femke K. Aarsen, Marita Partanen

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Abstract

Background

Pediatric cancer survivors can experience neuropsychological problems in the long term. Less is known about neuropsychological performance and its possible predictors in the early treatment phase of non-central nervous system (CNS) cancers.

Procedure

This study describes the neuropsychological performance of 104 children with leukemia (n = 43), lymphoma (n = 29), or a non-CNS solid tumor (n = 33) aged 5–18 years at diagnosis (M = 11.78, SD = 3.71, 48% female), 4.52 months (SD = 0.77) after diagnosis. Using one-sample t-tests, measures of IQ, attention, memory, working memory, verbal fluency, processing speed, and reading were compared to age-matched norm scores. Individual comparisons were performed with paired t-tests, comparing participants’ neuropsychological scores to their estimated IQ (EIQ). Multiple regression analyses related medical factors, pre-existing developmental vulnerabilities, and family psychosocial risk to neuropsychological outcomes, corrected for age at diagnosis, sex, and EIQ.

Results

EIQ was significantly above the population mean (M = 105.25, SD = 12.15, p < 0.05), and most neuropsychological outcomes were within the average range compared to age-matched norms. Compared to their EIQ, however, participants’ scores were on average significantly lower for almost all neuropsychological outcomes (p < 0.05). Medical factors, developmental vulnerabilities, and family psychosocial risk were not associated with neuropsychological outcomes (p > 0.05) in multivariable models. In a follow-up analysis, family psychosocial risk was related to memory (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Children with non-CNS cancers perform within the average range on most neuropsychological tests. However, most scores are lower than participants’ EIQ, revealing potential vulnerabilities. Family psychosocial risk may relate to memory. Future studies should include longitudinal follow-up and alternative predictors to clarify what contributes to early neuropsychological difficulties.

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非中枢神经系统儿童癌症早期治疗阶段的神经心理表现及其预测因素。

背景：儿童癌症幸存者可能会经历长期的神经心理问题。对非中枢神经系统（CNS）癌症早期治疗阶段的神经心理表现及其可能的预测因素知之甚少。本研究描述了104例诊断为5-18岁（M = 11.78, SD = 3.71, 48%为女性）的白血病（n = 43）、淋巴瘤（n = 29）或非中枢神经系统实体瘤（n = 33）患儿在诊断后4.52个月（SD = 0.77）的神经心理学表现。使用单样本t检验，将智商、注意力、记忆力、工作记忆、语言流畅性、处理速度和阅读的测量结果与年龄匹配的标准分数进行比较。个体比较采用配对t检验，将参与者的神经心理得分与他们的估计智商（EIQ）进行比较。多元回归分析了相关医学因素、预先存在的发育脆弱性和家庭社会心理风险对神经心理结果的影响，并校正了诊断时的年龄、性别和情商。结果：在多变量模型中，EIQ显著高于总体均值（M = 105.25, SD = 12.15, p 0.05）。在后续分析中，家庭社会心理风险与记忆有关(p结论：非中枢神经系统癌症儿童在大多数神经心理测试中表现在平均范围内。然而，大多数分数低于参与者的情商，这暴露了潜在的漏洞。家庭心理风险可能与记忆力有关。未来的研究应该包括纵向随访和替代预测，以澄清是什么导致了早期神经心理障碍。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Blood & Cancer 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

9.40%

发文量

546

审稿时长

1.5 months

期刊介绍： Pediatric Blood & Cancer publishes the highest quality manuscripts describing basic and clinical investigations of blood disorders and malignant diseases of childhood including diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology, etiology, biology, and molecular and clinical genetics of these diseases as they affect children, adolescents, and young adults. Pediatric Blood & Cancer will also include studies on such treatment options as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, immunology, and gene therapy.