Convection analysis of couple stress nanofluid flow across stretching surface with the considerations of Marangoni convection

Abstract

The convection analysis of nanofluid flow under the effect of Marangoni convection, provides important insights into thermal control and fluid dynamics. This phenomenon is critical in many applications, including electronic cooling, heat exchangers, solar thermal collectors, and enhancement in oil recovery by improving fluid flow and promoting controlled crystallization during material processing. Inspired by applications mentioned above, the present research focuses on the couple stress nanofluid flow across a stretching surface while accounting the Marangoni convection, magnetic field, nanoparticles shape factors and thermal radiations. Blood based nanofluid, with the considerations of nanoparticles (gold(Au) and iron-oxide(Fe₂O₃)) is supposed for the present research. Boundary layer assumptions and conservation laws are utilized to model a governing mathematical system for the assumed problem. The emerging partial differential equations (PDEs) of the supposed problem is transformed to the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing the appropriate similarity transformations. The numerical outcomes are generated in MATLAB using the bvp4c (approach is designed to solve boundary value problems) solver. Results indicates that the increasing estimates of Marangoni number leads the enhancement in the velocity profile and temperature shows a declining trend in the considered scenarios. It is also observed that the velocity-distribution diminishes for the increasing values of magnetic parameter. The temperature profile of the studied nanofluid is decreasing when the Prandtl number and couple stress parameter increases. The effects of the emerging dimensionless parameters on skin friction and Nusselt number are also revealed in the tabulated form. Research may substantially improve the design of nanofluid-based systems, drug delivery techniques, renewable energy technologies, materials engineering, and electronic cooling systems.