Impact of coronary artery stenting on perioperative mortality and complications in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy

Abstract

Background

Postoperative morbidity and mortality rates from pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) have significantly decreased, allowing for greater consideration of patients with severe comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of previous coronary artery intervention on morbidity and mortality among patients who underwent PD.

Methods

Patients who underwent PD were identified from the American College of Surgeon National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Patients with previous coronary artery intervention received either balloon dilatation or stent placement. The main outcome measures included in-hospital mortality and postoperative myocardial infarction (MI).

Results

Of 10,848 patients who underwent PD, 698 (6.4%) received previous coronary artery intervention. Compared with patients without coronary artery intervention, those with previous coronary artery intervention were older (65 vs 70 years, respectively; P <.001), were less likely to be female (50.2% vs 26.4%, respectively; P <.001), and had higher median body mass index (26 vs 27 kg/m², respectively; P =.003). Compared with patients not in the angioplasty/stent cohort, those in the angioplasty/stent cohort were more likely to have diabetes mellitus (22.0% vs 39.3%, respectively), functional impairment (2.4% vs 4.9%, respectively), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4.1% vs 8.2%, respectively), hypertension (51.2% vs 86.2%, respectively), and bleeding disorders (2.2% vs 8.0%, respectively) (all P <.001). Compared with patients not in the angioplasty/stent cohort, those in the stent/angioplasty group were more likely to have postoperative complications (41.0% vs 51.4%, respectively; P <.001). Previous stent/angioplasty procedure (odds ratio [OR], 2.61 [95% CI, 1.42–4.57]; P =.001) was associated with developing postoperative MI but was not an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (OR, 1.19 [95% CI, 0.81–1.70]; P =.369).

Conclusion

Previous stent placement/angioplasty was not associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients who underwent PD, despite being correlated with an increased risk of MI and severe complications. Previous coronary artery angioplasty and/or stenting is not an absolute contraindication for PD, but patients should be medically optimized preoperatively to mitigate the risk of major adverse cardiac events.