Therapeutic potential of gut microbiota modulation in epilepsy: A focus on short-chain fatty acids

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Neurobiology of Disease Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-19 DOI:10.1016/j.nbd.2025.106880

Rong Yan , Linhai Zhang , Ya Chen , Yongsu Zheng , Ping Xu , Zucai Xu

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Abstract

According to the criteria established by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), epilepsy is defined as a disorder characterized by at least two unprovoked seizures occurring more than 24 h apart. Its pathogenesis is closely related to various physiological and pathological factors. Advances in high-throughput metagenomic sequencing have increasingly highlighted the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in epilepsy. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the major metabolites of the gut microbiota and key regulators of the gut-brain axis, support physiological homeostasis through multiple mechanisms. Recent studies have indicated that SCFAs not only regulate seizures by maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and modulating intestinal immune responses, but also affect the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and regulate neuroinflammation. This review, based on current literatures, explores the relationship between SCFAs and epilepsy, emphasizing how SCFAs affect epilepsy by modulating the intestinal barrier and BBB. In-depth studies on SCFAs may reveal their therapeutic potential and inform the development of gut microbiota-targeted epilepsy treatments.

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肠道菌群调节在癫痫中的治疗潜力：短链脂肪酸的焦点。

根据国际抗癫痫联盟（ILAE）制定的标准，癫痫被定义为一种以至少两次无因发作为特征的疾病，每次发作时间间隔超过24 小时。其发病机制与多种生理病理因素密切相关。高通量宏基因组测序的进展越来越突出了肠道菌群失调在癫痫中的作用。短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）是肠道微生物群的主要代谢物和肠-脑轴的关键调节因子，通过多种机制支持生理稳态。最近的研究表明，scfa不仅通过维持肠屏障完整性和调节肠道免疫反应来调节癫痫发作，而且还影响血脑屏障（BBB）的结构和功能，调节神经炎症。本文在现有文献的基础上，探讨了scfa与癫痫的关系，强调了scfa是如何通过调节肠屏障和血脑屏障来影响癫痫的。对scfa的深入研究可能会揭示它们的治疗潜力，并为肠道微生物群靶向癫痫治疗的发展提供信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neurobiology of Disease 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

3.30%

发文量

270

审稿时长

76 days

期刊介绍： Neurobiology of Disease is a major international journal at the interface between basic and clinical neuroscience. The journal provides a forum for the publication of top quality research papers on: molecular and cellular definitions of disease mechanisms, the neural systems and underpinning behavioral disorders, the genetics of inherited neurological and psychiatric diseases, nervous system aging, and findings relevant to the development of new therapies.