Cosmographic and thermodynamics analysis of five dimensional EChS gravity

Abstract

In this study, we explore the five-dimensional Einstein-Chern-Simons gravity (EChS) gravity in the context of a flat FRW universe. This framework, derived by incorporating higher-dimensional topological invariants and gauge symmetries, serves as a compelling extension of general relativity. We employ the holographic dark energy model, using the Hubble horizon as the infrared cutoff, to investigate its cosmological implications. The distinctiveness of this approach lies in its inclusion of higher-order curvature corrections and alignment with holographic principles, making it a robust tool for analyzing modified gravity effects and cosmic evolution. Additionally, we examine various interaction terms Q and analyze key cosmological parameters, including the coincidence parameter, equation of state parameter, Hubble parameter, and deceleration parameter, to understand the universe's current dynamics. Lastly, the generalized second law of thermodynamics is evaluated to assess the thermodynamic behavior of the model. Notably, the findings of this research exhibit excellent agreement with recent observational data.