Zebrafish as a model for assessing biocide toxicity: A comprehensive review.

Abstract

The utilization of biocides in a myriad of products has become a widespread and critical practice in recent years. Among these, quaternary ammonium compounds, polyhexamethylene, parabens, and triclosan are notably prevalent across various industrial applications. However, the incorporation of these biocides raises significant concerns regarding their toxicological profile. Not only do these chemicals pose potential risks to consumers using biocide-containing products, but their environmental discharge also represents a substantial threat to the biosphere. In our meticulous review, we examined approximately 150 articles from esteemed databases including PubMed, MDPI, and Google Scholar, ultimately utilizing at least 88 of these articles to inform our analysis. Our investigation encompassed studies that probe general toxicity, behavioral toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, and genotoxicity, among other toxicological impacts. With this comprehensive approach, we explore the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a prominent model organism in toxicology research. This review article aims to synthesize research employing zebrafish to evaluate biocide toxicity and ascertain the suitability of this model for comprehensive analysis of biocidal agents and their associated products.